Previous studies have provided insight into the physical mechanisms of stone fracture in shock wave lithotripsy. Broadly focused shocks efficiently generate shear waves in the stone leading to internal tensile stresses, which in concert with cavitation at the stone surface, cause cracks to form and propagate. Here, we propose a separate mechanism by which stones may fragment from sinusoidal ultrasound bursts without shocks. A numerical elastic wave model was used to simulate propagation of tone bursts through a cylindrical stone at a frequency between 0.15 and 2 MHz. Results suggest that bursts undergo mode conversion into surface waves on the stone that continually create significant stresses well after the exposure is terminated. Experimental exposures of artificial cylindrical stones to focused burst waves in vitro produced periodic fractures along the stone surface. The fracture spacing and resulting fragment sizes corresponded well with the spacing of stresses caused by surface waves in simulation at different frequencies. These results indicate surface waves may be an important factor in fragmentation of stones by focused tone bursts and suggest that the resulting stone fragment sizes may be controlled by ultrasound frequency. [Work supported by NIH 2T32DK007779-11A1, R01 EB007643, P01 DK043881, R01 DK092197, NSBRI through NASA NCC 9-58.]
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November 2013
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November 01 2013
Kidney stone fracture by surface waves generated with focused ultrasound tone bursts
Oleg A. Sapozhnikov;
Oleg A. Sapozhnikov
Dept. of Acoust., Phys. Faculty, Moscow State Univ., Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation, [email protected]
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Adam D. Maxwell;
Adam D. Maxwell
Dept. of Urology, Univ. of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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Wayne Kreider;
Wayne Kreider
Ctr. for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, Appl. Phys. Lab., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Bryan W. Cunitz;
Bryan W. Cunitz
Ctr. for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, Appl. Phys. Lab., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Michael R. Bailey
Michael R. Bailey
Ctr. for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, Appl. Phys. Lab., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Oleg A. Sapozhnikov
Adam D. Maxwell
Wayne Kreider
Bryan W. Cunitz
Michael R. Bailey
Dept. of Acoust., Phys. Faculty, Moscow State Univ., Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation, [email protected]
J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 134, 4184 (2013)
Citation
Oleg A. Sapozhnikov, Adam D. Maxwell, Wayne Kreider, Bryan W. Cunitz, Michael R. Bailey; Kidney stone fracture by surface waves generated with focused ultrasound tone bursts. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 November 2013; 134 (5_Supplement): 4184. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4831341
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