An ocean-ice-acoustic coupled model is configured for the Beaufort Sea. The model uses outputs from a data assimilating global scale ice-ocean-atmosphere forecast to drive a bimodal roughness algorithm for generating a realistic ice canopy. The resulting range-dependent ice cover obeys observed roughness, keel number density, depth, and slope, and floe size statistics. The ice is inserted into a parabolic equation acoustic propagation model as a near-zero impedance fluid layer along with a model defined range-dependent sound speed profile. Year-long observations of transmissions at 35 Hz from the Coordinated Arctic Acoustic Thermometry Experiment and 925 Hz from the Arctic Mobile Observing System source were recorded over the winter of 2019–2020 on a free-drifting, eight-element vertical line array designed to vertically span the Beaufort duct. The ocean-ice-acoustic coupled model predicts receive levels that reasonably agree with the measurements over propagation ranges of 30–800 km. At 925 Hz, seasonal and sub-seasonal ocean and ice driven variations of propagation loss are captured in the data and reproduced in the model.
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July 2023
July 05 2023
Observed transmissions and ocean-ice-acoustic coupled modelling in the Beaufort Sea
David R. Barclay
;
David R. Barclay
a)
1
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University
, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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Bruce S. Martin
;
Bruce S. Martin
2
JASCO Applied Sciences
, 20 Mount Hope Avenue, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, B2Y 4S3, Canada
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Paul C. Hines;
Paul C. Hines
3
Hines Ocean Science and Technology, Incorporated
, 12 Carlson Court, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia,B2W 5X7, Canada
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James M. Hamilton;
James M. Hamilton
4
JMH Consulting and Design, Incorporated
, 160 Notting Hill Road, Mineville, Nova Scotia, B2Z 1V4, Canada
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Mikhail Zykov;
Mikhail Zykov
2
JASCO Applied Sciences
, 20 Mount Hope Avenue, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, B2Y 4S3, Canada
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Terry Deveau;
Terry Deveau
2
JASCO Applied Sciences
, 20 Mount Hope Avenue, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, B2Y 4S3, Canada
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Pablo Borys
Pablo Borys
2
JASCO Applied Sciences
, 20 Mount Hope Avenue, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, B2Y 4S3, Canada
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a)
Electronic mail: dbarclay@dal.ca
J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 154, 28–47 (2023)
Article history
Received:
October 19 2022
Accepted:
June 13 2023
Citation
David R. Barclay, Bruce S. Martin, Paul C. Hines, James M. Hamilton, Mikhail Zykov, Terry Deveau, Pablo Borys; Observed transmissions and ocean-ice-acoustic coupled modelling in the Beaufort Sea. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 July 2023; 154 (1): 28–47. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0019942
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