The Waveguide Invariant (WI) theory has been introduced to quantify the orientation of the intensity interference patterns in a range-frequency domain. When the sound speed is constant over the water column, the WI is a scalar with the canonical value of 1. But, when considering shallow waters with a stratified sound speed profile, the WI ceases to be constant and is more appropriately described by a distribution, which is mainly sensitive to source/receiver depths. Such configurations have been widely investigated, with practical applications including passive source localization. However, in deep waters, the interference pattern is much more complex and variable. In fact the observed WI varies with source/receiver depth but it also varies very quickly with source-array range. In this paper, the authors investigate two phenomena responsible for this variability, namely the dominance of the acoustic field by groups of modes and the frequency dependence of the eigenmodes. Using a ray-mode approach, these two features are integrated in a WI distribution derivation. Their importance in deep-water is validated by testing the calculated WI distribution against a reference distribution directly measured on synthetic data. The proposed WI derivation provides a thorough way to predict and understand the striation patterns in deep-water context.
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June 2018
June 08 2018
Understanding deep-water striation patterns and predicting the waveguide invariant as a distribution depending on range and depth
Rémi Emmetière;
Rémi Emmetière
a)
Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne, Lab-STICC (UMR CNRS 6285)
, 2 rue François Verny, 29806 Brest Cedex 9, France
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Julien Bonnel;
Julien Bonnel
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543-1050, USA
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Marie Géhant;
Marie Géhant
Thales Underwater System
, 525 Route des Dolines, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex, France
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Xavier Cristol;
Xavier Cristol
Thales Underwater System
, 525 Route des Dolines, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex, France
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Thierry Chonavel
Thierry Chonavel
Institut Mines Télécom Atlantique, Lab-STICC, Université Bretagne Loire
, F-29238 Brest, France
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a)
Electronic mail: remi.emmetiere@ensta-bretagne.org
J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 143, 3444–3454 (2018)
Article history
Received:
December 01 2017
Accepted:
May 21 2018
Citation
Rémi Emmetière, Julien Bonnel, Marie Géhant, Xavier Cristol, Thierry Chonavel; Understanding deep-water striation patterns and predicting the waveguide invariant as a distribution depending on range and depth. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 June 2018; 143 (6): 3444–3454. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.5040982
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