A behavioral response paradigm was used to measure hearing thresholds in bottlenose dolphins before and after exposure to 3 kHz tones with sound exposure levels (SELs) from 100 to 203 dB re . Experiments were conducted in a relatively quiet pool with ambient noise levels below 55 dB re at frequencies above 1 kHz. Experiments 1 and 2 featured 1-s exposures with hearing tested at 4.5 and 3 kHz, respectively. Experiment 3 featured 2-, 4-, and 8-s exposures with hearing tested at 4.5 kHz. For experiment 2, there were no significant differences between control and exposure sessions. For experiments 1 and 3, exposures with re and re , respectively, resulted in significantly higher than control sessions. For experiment 3 at re , the mean was 2.8 dB. These data are consistent with prior studies of TTS in dolphins exposed to pure tones and octave band noise and suggest that a SEL of 195 dB re is a reasonable threshold for the onset of TTS in dolphins and white whales exposed to midfrequency tones.
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October 2005
October 01 2005
Temporary threshold shift in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) exposed to mid-frequency tonesa)
James J. Finneran;
U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program,
Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center
, San Diego, Code 2351, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, California 92152
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Donald A. Carder;
Donald A. Carder
U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program,
Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center
, San Diego, Code 2351, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, California 92152
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Carolyn E. Schlundt;
Carolyn E. Schlundt
EDO Professional Services
, 3276 Rosecrans Street, San Diego, California 92110
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Sam H. Ridgway
Sam H. Ridgway
U.C. Veterinary Medical Center–San Diego, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine,
University of California
, La Jolla, California 92093-0612
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c)
Electronic mail: [email protected]
a)
Portions of these data were presented at the 142nd Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America [Finneran, et al. (2001). “Temporary threshold shift (TTS) in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) exposed to tonal signals,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am.110, 2749(A)] and 15th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals [Finneran, et al. (2003). “Auditory effects of mid-frequency tones on cetaceans”].
J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 118, 2696–2705 (2005)
Article history
Received:
February 17 2005
Accepted:
July 18 2005
Citation
James J. Finneran, Donald A. Carder, Carolyn E. Schlundt, Sam H. Ridgway; Temporary threshold shift in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) exposed to mid-frequency tones. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 October 2005; 118 (4): 2696–2705. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2032087
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