As part of the Shallow Water Acoustics in a Random Medium (SWARM) experiment, a 16 element WHOI vertical line array (WVLA) was moored in 70 m of water off the New Jersey coast. A 400-Hz acoustic tomography source was moored some 32-km shoreward of this array, such that an acoustic path was created that was anti-parallel to the primary propagation direction for shelf-generated internal wave solitons. The presence of these soliton internal waves in the acoustic waveguide causes significant coupling of energy between propagating acoustic modes, creating fluctuations in modal intensities and modal peak arrival times, as well as time spreading of the pulses. Two methods by which acoustic propagation and scattering in soliton-filled waveguides can be modeled are presented here in order to understand and explain the scattering observed in the SWARM field data. The first method utilizes the Preisig and Duda [IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. 22, 256–269 (1997)] Sudden Interface Approximation (SIA) to represent the solitons. The second method, which is computationally slower, uses a finely meshed, “propagated” thermistor record to simulate the solitons in the SWARM experiment waveguide. Both numerical methods are found to generate scattering characteristics that are similar to the SWARM field data.
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January 2000
January 01 2000
Modeling mode arrivals in the 1995 SWARM experiment acoustic transmissions
Robert H. Headrick;
Robert H. Headrick
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
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James F. Lynch;
James F. Lynch
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
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John N. Kemp;
John N. Kemp
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
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Arthur E. Newhall;
Arthur E. Newhall
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
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Keith von der Heydt;
Keith von der Heydt
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
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John Apel;
John Apel
Global Ocean Associates, PO Box 12131, Silver Spring, Maryland 20908
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Mohsen Badiey;
Mohsen Badiey
Ocean Acoustics Laboratory, Graduate College of Marine Studies, U. Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
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Ching-sang Chiu;
Ching-sang Chiu
Naval Post Graduate School, Monterey, California 93943
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Steve Finette;
Steve Finette
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC 20375-5350
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Marshall Orr;
Marshall Orr
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC 20375-5350
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Bruce Pasewark;
Bruce Pasewark
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC 20375-5350
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Alton Turgot;
Alton Turgot
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC 20375-5350
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Steve Wolf;
Steve Wolf
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC 20375-5350
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Dirk Tielbuerger
Dirk Tielbuerger
Forschnungsanstalt der Bundeswehr für Wasserschall und Geophysik, Klausdorfer Weg 2-24, 24148 Kiel, Germany
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J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 107, 221–236 (2000)
Article history
Received:
July 21 1997
Accepted:
September 13 1999
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Citation
Robert H. Headrick, James F. Lynch, John N. Kemp, Arthur E. Newhall, Keith von der Heydt, John Apel, Mohsen Badiey, Ching-sang Chiu, Steve Finette, Marshall Orr, Bruce Pasewark, Alton Turgot, Steve Wolf, Dirk Tielbuerger; Modeling mode arrivals in the 1995 SWARM experiment acoustic transmissions. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 January 2000; 107 (1): 221–236. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.428301
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