The principle and the basic experimental results of the acoustic phase conjugation by nonlinear piezoelectricity are described. Acoustic phase conjugate waves at frequency ω are generated as a result of the interaction between incident acoustic waves at ω and pump electric fields at 2ω. An original explanation based on the modulation of sound velocity by the electric field together with the concept of time grating is given. Coupling equations for the PZT ceramics as a nonlinear material are derived. Experimental results of the sound velocity modulation and the phase conjugate generation in nonlinear piezoelectric PZT ceramics are shown. Amplitude reflectivity of the phase conjugation was 23% for the acoustic incidence at 10 MHz.
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© 1999 Acoustical Society of America.
1999
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