Quantum technology exploits fragile quantum electronic phenomena whose energy scales demand ultra-low electron temperature operation. The lack of electron–phonon coupling at cryogenic temperatures makes cooling the electrons down to a few tens of millikelvin a non-trivial task, requiring extensive efforts on thermalization and filtering high-frequency noise. Existing techniques employ bulky and heavy cryogenic metal-powder filters, which prove ineffective at sub-GHz frequency regimes and unsuitable for high-density quantum circuits such as spin qubits. In this work, we realize ultra-compact and lightweight on-chip cryogenic filters based on the attenuation characteristics of finite ground-plane coplanar waveguides. These filters are made of aluminum on sapphire substrates using standard microfabrication techniques. The attenuation characteristics are measured down to a temperature of 500 mK in a dilution refrigerator in a wide frequency range of a few hundred kHz to 8.5 GHz. We find their performance is superior by many orders compared to the existing filtering schemes, especially in the sub-GHz regime, negating the use of any lumped-element low-pass filters. The compact and scalable nature makes these filters a suitable choice for high-density quantum circuits such as quantum processors based on quantum dot spin qubits.
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January 2025
Research Article|
January 14 2025
On-chip cryogenic low-pass filters based on finite ground-plane coplanar waveguides for quantum measurements
Prasad Muragesh
;
Prasad Muragesh
(Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft)
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
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Madhu Thalakulam
Madhu Thalakulam
a)
(Conceptualization, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing)
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
Search for other works by this author on:
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
Rev. Sci. Instrum. 96, 014705 (2025)
Article history
Received:
October 15 2024
Accepted:
December 12 2024
Citation
Prasad Muragesh, Madhu Thalakulam; On-chip cryogenic low-pass filters based on finite ground-plane coplanar waveguides for quantum measurements. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 January 2025; 96 (1): 014705. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0243614
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