An advanced double-phase stacking ensemble technique with active learning classifier: Toward reliable disruption prediction in Aditya tokamak

Disruptions in tokamak nuclear reactors, where plasma confinement is suddenly lost, pose a serious threat to the reactor and its components. Classifying discharges as disruptive or non-disruptive is crucial for effective plasma operation and advanced prediction. Traditional disruption identification systems often struggle with noise, variability, and limited adaptability. To address these challenges, we propose an enhanced stacking generalization model called the “Double-Phase Stacking Technique” integrated with Pool-based Active Learning (DPST-PAL) for designing a robust classifier with minimal labor cost. This innovative approach improves classification accuracy and reliability using advanced data analysis techniques. We trained the DPST-PAL model on 162 diagnostic shots from the Aditya dataset, achieving a high accuracy of 98% and an F1-score of 0.99, surpassing conventional methods. Subsequently, the deep 1D convolutional predictor model is implemented and trained using the classified shots obtained from the DPST-PAL model to validate the reliability of the dataset, which is tested on 47 distinct shots. This model accurately predicts the disruptions 7–13 ms in advance with 93.6% accuracy and exhibited no premature alarms or misclassifications for our experimental shots.