A sample cell which facilitates adsorption in conjunction with small angle x-ray scattering under a rotational field is presented. The device allows dynamic phenomena that take place within a pore system to be investigated in situ by x-rays. As an example, a sample of Vycor porous glass was measured at relative pressures p/po = 0 and p/po = 0.5. For the static measurements, the results were as expected. Under rotation, an increase in the scattered intensity of the loaded sample, over the corresponding static one, is observed. Fractal analysis has shown an increase in the fractal dimension even higher than that of the dry sample. It was suggested that the increase in the scattered intensity was due to the rotation, while the abnormality in the fractal dimension was due to asymmetric ripples of the adsorbed layers. The limits of the technique are given too.

1.
C.
Ramshaw
and
R. H.
Mallinson
, “
Mass transfer process
,” U.S. patent 4,283,255 (
11 August 1981
).
2.
S.
Munjal
,
M. P.
Dudukovic
, and
P.
Ramachandran
,
Chem. Eng. Sci.
44
,
2257
(
1989
).
3.
T.
Kelleher
and
J. R.
Fair
,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
35
,
4646
(
1996
).
4.
C. C.
Lin
and
H. S.
Liu
,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
39
,
161
(
2000
).
5.
C.
Zheng
,
K.
Guo
,
Y.
Feng
, and
C.
Yang
,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
39
,
829
(
2000
).
6.
Y. S.
Chen
and
H. S.
Liu
,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
41
,
1583
(
2002
).
7.
D. P.
Rao
,
A.
Bhowal
, and
P. S.
Goswami
,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
43
,
1150
(
2004
).
8.
Y. S.
Chen
,
F. Y.
Lin
,
C. C.
Lin
,
C. Y. D.
Tai
, and
H. S.
Liu
,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
45
,
6846
(
2006
).
9.
M. S.
Jassim
,
G.
Rochelle
,
D.
Eimer
, and
C.
Ramshaw
,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
46
,
2823
(
2007
).
10.
T.
van Gerven
and
A.
Stankiewicz
,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
48
,
2465
(
2009
).
11.
L. M.
de Socio
,
N.
Ianiro
, and
L.
Marino
,
J. Thermophys. Heat Transfer
14
,
269
(
2000
).
12.
V. I.
Geyko
and
N. J.
Fisch
,
Phy. Rev. Lett.
110
,
150604
(
2013
).
13.
X.
Gao
,
G.-W.
Chu
,
Y.
Ouyang
,
H.
Zou
,
Y.
Luo
,
Y.
Xiang
, and
J.-F.
Chen
,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
56
,
14350
(
2017
).
14.
A.
Guinier
and
G.
Fournet
,
Small-Angle Scattering of X-Rays
(
John Wiley and Sons
,
New York
,
1955
).
15.
H. D.
Bale
and
P. W.
Schmidt
,
Phys. Rev. Lett.
53
,
596
(
1984
).
16.
A. C.
Mitropoulos
,
J. M.
Haynes
,
R. M.
Richardson
, and
N. K.
Kanellopoulos
,
Phys. Rev. B
52
,
10035
(
1995
).
17.
E.
Hoinkis
,
Part. Part. Syst. Charact.
21
,
80
(
2004
).
18.
G. H.
Findenegg
,
S.
Jahnert
,
D.
Muter
,
J.
Prass
, and
O.
Paris
,
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
12
,
7211
(
2010
).
19.
A. C.
Mitropoulos
,
J. Colloid Interface Sci.
317
,
643
(
2008
).
20.
E.
Cheng
,
M. W.
Cole
, and
P.
Pfeifer
,
Phys. Rev. B
39
,
12962R
(
1989
).
21.
See www.axt.com.au for Rigaku S-Max3000 Pinhole Camera Small Angle X-Ray Scattering system brochure.
22.
A. C.
Mitropoulos
,
J. Colloid Interface Sci.
336
,
679
(
2009
).
23.

Eccentric rotation will average I(Q) of pore domains found on the perimeter 2πke, where ke is the distance between the beam line and the axis of rotation.

24.
P.
Wiltzius
,
F. S.
Bates
,
S. B.
Dierker
, and
G. D.
Wignall
,
Phys. Rev. A
36
,
2991R
(
1987
).
25.
S. J.
Gregg
and
K. S. W.
Sing
,
Adsorption, Surface Area and Porosity
(
Academic Press
,
London
,
1982
).
26.
A. C.
Mitropoulos
,
K. L.
Stefanopoulos
,
E. P.
Favvas
,
E.
Vansant
, and
N. P.
Hankins
,
Sci. Rep.
5
,
10943
(
2015
).
27.
Y.
Yang
,
Y.
Xiang
,
G.
Chu
,
H.
Zou
,
Y.
Luo
,
M.
Arowo
, and
J.-F.
Chen
,
Chem. Eng. Sci.
138
,
244
(
2015
).
28.
S.
Brunauer
,
P. H.
Emmett
, and
E.
Teller
,
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
60
,
309
(
1938
).
You do not currently have access to this content.