Permanent magnet quadrupoles (PMQs) are an alternative to common electromagnetic quadrupoles especially for fixed rigidity beam transport scenarios at particle accelerators. Using those magnets for experimental setups can result in certain scenarios, in which a PMQ itself may be exposed to a large amount of primary and secondary particles with a broad energy spectrum, interacting with the magnetic material and affecting its magnetic properties. One specific scenario is proton microscopy, where a proton beam traverses an object and a collimator in which a part of the beam is scattered and deflected into PMQs used as part of a diagnostic system. During the commissioning of the PRIOR (Proton Microscope for Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) high energy proton microscope facility prototype at Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung in 2014, a significant reduction of the image quality was observed which was partially attributed to the demagnetization of the used PMQ lenses and the corresponding decrease of the field quality. In order to study this phenomenon, Monte Carlo simulations were carried out and spare units manufactured from the same magnetic material—single wedges and a fully assembled PMQ module—were deliberately irradiated by a 3.6 GeV intense proton beam. The performed investigations have shown that in proton radiography applications the above described scattering may result in a high irradiation dose in the PMQ magnets. This did not only decrease the overall magnetic strength of the PMQs but also caused a significant degradation of the field quality of an assembled PMQ module by increasing the parasitic multipole field harmonics which effectively makes PMQs impractical for proton radiography applications or similar scenarios.
Skip Nav Destination
Article navigation
December 2017
Research Article|
December 05 2017
High energy proton induced radiation damage of rare earth permanent magnet quadrupoles
M. Schanz;
M. Schanz
a)
1
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH
, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for other works by this author on:
M. Endres;
M. Endres
2
Technische Universität Darmstadt
, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for other works by this author on:
K. Löwe;
K. Löwe
2
Technische Universität Darmstadt
, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for other works by this author on:
T. Lienig;
T. Lienig
2
Technische Universität Darmstadt
, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for other works by this author on:
O. Deppert;
O. Deppert
1
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH
, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for other works by this author on:
P. M. Lang
;
P. M. Lang
b)
2
Technische Universität Darmstadt
, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for other works by this author on:
D. Varentsov
;
D. Varentsov
1
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH
, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for other works by this author on:
D. H. H. Hoffmann
;
D. H. H. Hoffmann
c)
2
Technische Universität Darmstadt
, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for other works by this author on:
O. Gutfleisch
O. Gutfleisch
2
Technische Universität Darmstadt
, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for other works by this author on:
a)
Also at Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. Electronic mail: m.schanz@gsi.de.
b)
Present address: European XFEL GmbH, Hamburg, Germany.
c)
Also at National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia.
Rev. Sci. Instrum. 88, 125103 (2017)
Article history
Received:
July 21 2017
Accepted:
November 13 2017
Citation
M. Schanz, M. Endres, K. Löwe, T. Lienig, O. Deppert, P. M. Lang, D. Varentsov, D. H. H. Hoffmann, O. Gutfleisch; High energy proton induced radiation damage of rare earth permanent magnet quadrupoles. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 December 2017; 88 (12): 125103. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4997116
Download citation file:
Sign in
Don't already have an account? Register
Sign In
You could not be signed in. Please check your credentials and make sure you have an active account and try again.
Pay-Per-View Access
$40.00
Citing articles via
Subharmonic lock-in detection and its optimization for femtosecond noise correlation spectroscopy
M. A. Weiss, F. S. Herbst, et al.
Learning from each other: Cross-cutting diagnostic development activities between magnetic and inertial confinement fusion (invited)
M. Gatu Johnson, D. Schlossberg, et al.
Related Content
Commissioning of the PRIOR proton microscope
Rev. Sci. Instrum. (February 2016)
High energy density physics with intense ion beams
Matter Radiat. Extremes (January 2016)
Impact of 7 - TeV ∕ c large hadron collider proton beam on a copper target
J. Appl. Phys. (April 2005)
Continuous wave interdigital H-mode cavities for alternating phase focusing heavy ion acceleration
Rev. Sci. Instrum. (June 2022)
Focusing giga-electronvolt heavy ions to micrometers at the Institute of Modern Physics
Rev. Sci. Instrum. (May 2013)