Dielectric spectroscopy measurements of liquids are often limited by electrode polarization. The influence of surface polishing and deposition of the conducting polymer polypyrrole/polystyrenesulfonate (PPy/PSS) on the polarization impedance is investigated. A quantitative description of the electrode polarization contribution to the real-valued permittivity spectrum is derived. This description explains the origin of the

$\omega ^{-\rm const}.$
ω− const . (⁠
$\textrm {const}.>1$
const .>1⁠) dependency commonly observed in permittivity measurements. Electrode surface roughness is correlated with both the magnitude and phase of the constant phase element. Generally, rougher electrodes have better performance, and an order of magnitude bandwidth improvement is achieved using PPy/PSS electrodes.

Topics
Electrical equipment, Conducting polymers, Electrodeposition, Electrodes, Dielectric spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, Biomaterials, Electrolytes, Proteins, Microelectrode arrays
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See supplementary material at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3678324 for full parameterization of NaCl solutions and raw impedance data from protein experiment.
© 2012 American Institute of Physics.
2012
American Institute of Physics

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