We report the simultaneous in situ electrochemical, optical, and surface morphological studies of conjugated polymer ultrathin film formation using a novel combined electrochemical instrumentation–surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy–atomic force microscopy. The initial stages of the electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) films on flat gold electrode/substrates were observed in all three experiments simultaneously. In addition to the electrochemical information obtained, the surface plasmon optical technique showed the deposition of the film, and provided electrochromic behavior of the deposited film. Simultaneously, atomic force microscopy gave surface morphological properties and domain growth of the film. The complementarity of the information obtained from the combined techniques is useful for the investigation of polymer growth mechanism between cyclic voltammetry and potentiostatic deposition methods.
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June 2006
Research Article|
June 16 2006
Simultaneous in situ electrochemical, surface plasmon optical, and atomic force microscopy measurements: Investigation of conjugated polymer electropolymerization
Akira Baba;
Akira Baba
Department of Chemistry,
University of Houston
, 136 Fleming Building, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
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Wolfgang Knoll;
Wolfgang Knoll
Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research
, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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Rigoberto Advincula
Rigoberto Advincula
a)
Department of Chemistry,
University of Houston
, 136 Fleming Building, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
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a)
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; electronic mail: [email protected]
Rev. Sci. Instrum. 77, 064101 (2006)
Article history
Received:
January 26 2006
Accepted:
April 16 2006
Citation
Akira Baba, Wolfgang Knoll, Rigoberto Advincula; Simultaneous in situ electrochemical, surface plasmon optical, and atomic force microscopy measurements: Investigation of conjugated polymer electropolymerization. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 June 2006; 77 (6): 064101. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2204587
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