Impurities degrade tokamak plasma confinement by causing energy loss, diluting fuel concentration, and even terminating discharge in some extreme cases. Previously, the suppression effects of impurity accumulation due to on-axis electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) have been studied on Experimental and Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) using extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectroscopy. However, it is difficult to quantify changes in the tungsten (W) impurity profile since W-line emission in the EUV range cannot be easily resolved. X-ray crystal spectroscopy (XCS) is widely used to measure the ion temperature and rotation velocity of plasmas by using line emission in the soft X-ray range. In addition, the XCS can also be used to study the behavior of impurities. An in situ absolute intensity calibration of tangential XCS was conducted by analyzing calculations and measurements of bremsstrahlung radiation. After obtaining the calibration coefficient, the W44+-ion-density profiles were evaluated using Abel inversion operations and the spectral line of W XLV (W44+, 3.9095 Å). Thus, a direct observation of the W44+-impurity concentration suppressed by ECRH was accomplished. Such W44+-density profiles can be used in the future to analyze W transport in combination with impurity transport codes.
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March 2023
Research Article|
March 17 2023
Preliminary observation of tungsten-impurity suppression using on-axis ECRH by X-ray crystal spectroscopy in EAST
Z. C. Lin
;
Z. C. Lin
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
2
Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China
, Hefei 230026, China
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H. M. Zhang
;
H. M. Zhang
a)
(Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]; [email protected]; and [email protected]
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F. D. Wang
;
F. D. Wang
a)
(Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]; [email protected]; and [email protected]
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C. Bae
;
C. Bae
(Writing – review & editing)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
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J. Fu
;
J. Fu
(Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
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Y. C. Shen;
Y. C. Shen
(Conceptualization, Methodology)
3
School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Hefei Normal University
, Hefei 230601, China
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S. Y. Dai
;
S. Y. Dai
(Conceptualization)
4
Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology
, Dalian 116024, China
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D. A. Lu
;
D. A. Lu
(Resources, Software)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
2
Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China
, Hefei 230026, China
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Y. F. Jin
;
Y. F. Jin
(Resources, Software)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
2
Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China
, Hefei 230026, China
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L. He;
L. He
(Investigation, Methodology)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
2
Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China
, Hefei 230026, China
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M. R. Wang
;
M. R. Wang
(Formal analysis)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
2
Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China
, Hefei 230026, China
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G. L. Lin;
G. L. Lin
(Formal analysis)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
2
Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China
, Hefei 230026, China
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K. X. Ye
;
K. X. Ye
(Formal analysis)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
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S. X. Wang
;
S. X. Wang
(Formal analysis)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
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H. L. Zhao
;
H. L. Zhao
(Formal analysis)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
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B. Lyu
B. Lyu
a)
(Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
2
Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China
, Hefei 230026, China
a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]; [email protected]; and [email protected]
Search for other works by this author on:
Z. C. Lin
1,2
H. M. Zhang
1,a)
F. D. Wang
1,a)
Y. C. Shen
3
S. Y. Dai
4
D. A. Lu
1,2
Y. F. Jin
1,2
L. He
1,2
M. R. Wang
1,2
G. L. Lin
1,2
K. X. Ye
1
S. X. Wang
1
H. L. Zhao
1
B. Lyu
1,2,a)
1
Institute of Plasma Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Hefei 230031, China
2
Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China
, Hefei 230026, China
3
School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Hefei Normal University
, Hefei 230601, China
4
Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology
, Dalian 116024, China
a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]; [email protected]; and [email protected]
Phys. Plasmas 30, 032505 (2023)
Article history
Received:
October 22 2022
Accepted:
February 25 2023
Citation
Z. C. Lin, H. M. Zhang, F. D. Wang, C. Bae, J. Fu, Y. C. Shen, S. Y. Dai, D. A. Lu, Y. F. Jin, L. He, M. R. Wang, G. L. Lin, K. X. Ye, S. X. Wang, H. L. Zhao, B. Lyu; Preliminary observation of tungsten-impurity suppression using on-axis ECRH by X-ray crystal spectroscopy in EAST. Phys. Plasmas 1 March 2023; 30 (3): 032505. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0131596
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