GTC simulation of linear stability of tearing mode and a model magnetic island stabilization by ECCD in toroidal plasma

Stabilization of a model magnetic island in tokamaks by localized electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) has been studied using a fluid-kinetic hybrid model coupled with ray tracing and Fokker−Planck equations. Even though a gyrokinetic toroidal code at present is not able to simulate the long-time evolution of tearing modes, which starts from small perturbation and evolves to the Rutherford regime, we can still calculate a model magnetic island and its stabilization by ECCD. Gyrokinetic simulations find that the model magnetic island can be fully stabilized by the ECCD with the 1 MW 68 GHz X2-mode in HL-2A-like equilibrium, while the model magnetic island in the DIII-D tokamak is only partially stabilized with the same ECCD power. A helicoidal current drive is more efficient than a continuous ECCD to stabilize the model magnetic island. Simulation results further indicate that, without external current drive, thermal ion kinetic effects could also reduce the magnetic island width and the linear growth rate of tearing modes.