Aircraft emergency landings on marine floating airports under typhoon conditions (induced by mechanical failures or military actions) demand precise hydroelastic analysis of a multi-module very large floating structure (VLFS). Nevertheless, traditional hydroelastic methods cannot address the complex nonlinear fluid–structure interaction (FSI) problems caused by typhoon–wave–aircraft load coupling, and existing beam/plate models fail to account for multi-body interactions and nonlinear dynamics in semi-submersible VLFS systems, particularly under connector and mooring constraints. This study developed a typhoon-driven wave spectrum using buoy measurement data and established a logarithmic wind profile based on a wind–wave equilibrium theory. A multi-rigid-body dynamics (MRBD)/finite element method (FEM) coupled solution to investigate the dynamic response of a multi-flexible-body system was proposed with decoupling between rigid body motion and elastic deformation considered. On this basis, building upon the FSI theory and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a CFD-MRBD/FEM analytical method for hydroelastic response was established, employing a separation iteration approach to sequentially solve environmental loads, rigid body motion, and elastic deformation. The hydroelastic response throughout the aircraft landing on the eight-module marine airport under typhoon-driven waves was analyzed. The results demonstrated that the proposed method more accurately captured the nonlinear characteristics of FSI than the traditional method. These nonlinear features induced significant frequency doubling phenomena of the structural motion. The typhoon-waves condition and aircraft loads create distinct dynamic responses at different scales: large-scale rigid-body motion primarily driven by wind–wave energy and local deformations mainly caused by landing impact forces. Parametric sensitivity analysis results indicate that the elastic deformation extremum increases approximately linearly with the aircraft landing dynamic loading coefficient. Additionally, the ratio of elastic deformation increment to heave motion increment induced by aircraft landing monotonically decreases with increasing mooring stiffness. The proposed method and findings provide theoretical references for designing marine airports with enhanced extreme environment resilience.
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