An inverted container of water drains with a periodic glugging process where bubbles of air enter through the bottom hole, thus replacing the exiting water. If the container is soft, its walls can flex with each glug. We examine the effect of container elasticity on the drainage process. Experiments are conducted to measure the drainage rate and the glug period as water drains out of a container through a bottom hole. The container compliance is varied by varying the diameter of a soft rubber membrane comprising the lid of the container. Increasing container compliance (i.e., making the container softer) is found to increase the drainage velocity, increase the glugging period, and increase the volume of each glug. Previously, Clanet and Searby (2004) modeled the glugging process as a spring-and-mass oscillator where the compressibility of air in the headspace acts as the spring. We adapt this model so that the membrane elasticity acts in series with the air compressibility. This adapted model qualitatively agrees with the observations but underpredicts the observed effect on the glug period.
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September 2024
Research Article|
September 03 2024
Soft bottles drain faster but glug slower
Rohit S. Velankar;
Rohit S. Velankar
(Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization)
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Sachin S. Velankar
Sachin S. Velankar
a)
(Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh
, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, University of Pittsburgh
, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: velankar@pitt.edu
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a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: velankar@pitt.edu
Physics of Fluids 36, 093302 (2024)
Article history
Received:
May 05 2024
Accepted:
August 04 2024
Connected Content
A companion article has been published:
Ninth-grade science fair experiment shows the glugging behavior of water bottles changes with bottle softness
Citation
Rohit S. Velankar, Sachin S. Velankar; Soft bottles drain faster but glug slower. Physics of Fluids 1 September 2024; 36 (9): 093302. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0217553
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