Modular charges can form different structures within the chamber, offering flexibility, versatility, and high efficiency, and have therefore been widely used in large-diameter combustion and propulsion systems. To effectively enhance the performance of the propulsion system through optimizing the number of modules and charging methods, this study integrates the two-phase flow particle element method to analyze the performance variations of different combinations of module numbers and charging modes and employs multiple evaluation methods. Based on experimental verification, the numerical calculation shows that the varying number of modules significantly impacts on the flow process in the chamber. When the number of modules is low, the increased particle dispersion space results in notable pressure fluctuations in the ignition transfer process in the chamber, leading to low energy utilization efficiency. With increase in the number of modules, the energy utilization rate in the chamber also increases gradually, and the growth rate initially accelerates and then decelerates. The sequential charging mode can significantly improve the energy utilization efficiency and the charge utilization rate per unit chamber volume. Compared to the unordered charging mode, the charge amount increases by more than 9.5%, and the velocity increases by approximately 5%–8%.
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