The study investigates how an acoustic field influences evaporation and internal circulation of twin drops when their in-between horizontal spacing varies. The acoustic source is a simple sine wave (i) with and (ii) without white noise at various frequencies. The circulation and outer flow are visualized. Maximum evaporation rate and circulation are found for the lowest frequency and highest spacing. The rate rises with the spacing for a given frequency up to a critical distance. The evaporation becomes almost identical beyond the critical spacing. A correlation among the spacing, evaporation rate, and outer flow velocity is demonstrated. The rate becomes lowest for a given frequency at the least spacing since the vapors accumulated in the surrounding are not swept out by the acoustic-induced flow. The visualization shows a horizontal outer flow, which becomes vertical with the rise in spacing because the acoustic wave can sweep the vapor out. The horizontal flow for the least spacing transforms itself to vertical when the wave amplitude is raised. The evaporation thus rises because the wave now sweeps the vapors out. We show that the perception that any acoustic wave enhances the evaporation of multiple nearby drops is incorrect. The evaporation and circulation decline faster with the rise in frequency since the surrounding flow becomes weak. Thus, we show how the spacing influences the evaporation when acoustic is incident and how the evaporation can be raised by sweeping the accumulated vapor out using higher amplitude acoustics for the closer drops.
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March 2023
Research Article|
March 07 2023
Evaporation of twin drops: Effect of acoustics and spacing
Aadil Kureshee
;
Aadil Kureshee
(Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft)
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM)
, Dhanbad 826 004, India
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S. Narayanan
;
S. Narayanan
a)
(Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing)
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM)
, Dhanbad 826 004, India
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Deepak Kumar Mandal
Deepak Kumar Mandal
a)
(Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing)
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM)
, Dhanbad 826 004, India
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Note: This paper is part of the special topic, Multiphase flow in energy studies and applications: A special issue for MTCUE-2022.
Physics of Fluids 35, 032103 (2023)
Article history
Received:
December 07 2022
Accepted:
February 17 2023
Citation
Aadil Kureshee, S. Narayanan, Deepak Kumar Mandal; Evaporation of twin drops: Effect of acoustics and spacing. Physics of Fluids 1 March 2023; 35 (3): 032103. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0137944
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