Drops falling on substrates with varying wettability exhibit distinct morphologies. However, the relation between the impact force exerted by a water drop and the substrate wettability has not been thoroughly explored. In this paper, we investigate the effect of contact angle (ranging from 40° to 180°) on the impact force of water drops, along with the spreading diameter, rim height, and retracting velocity. Our attention is focused to the inertial regime with the Weber number ranging from 30 to 100, which enables us to rationalize the dynamic relations and to correlate the kinematics of the drop with the impact force through scaling analysis. We find that substrate wettability has insignificant effect on the first force peak, which arises mainly from the momentum change during the initial impact. However, it does influence the second force peak, which originates from the momentum change in the flow redirecting from the radial inward direction to the vertical direction, accompanied by a column-shape Worthington jet. The second peak force gradually diminishes as the contact angle decreases, until it becomes indistinguishable below 40°, while the time at which the second peak force emerges is delayed.
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Effect of wettability on the impact force of water drops falling on flat solid surfaces
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November 2023
Research Article|
November 17 2023
Effect of wettability on the impact force of water drops falling on flat solid surfaces
Bin Zhang (张彬)
;
Bin Zhang (张彬)
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft)
Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
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Chen Ma (马晨)
;
Chen Ma (马晨)
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft)
Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
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Huanlei Zhao (赵桓磊)
;
Huanlei Zhao (赵桓磊)
(Data curation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing)
Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
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Yinggang Zhao (赵迎港)
;
Yinggang Zhao (赵迎港)
(Data curation, Validation, Writing – review & editing)
Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
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Pengfei Hao (郝鹏飞)
;
Pengfei Hao (郝鹏飞)
(Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing)
Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
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Xi-Qiao Feng (冯西桥)
;
Xi-Qiao Feng (冯西桥)
(Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing)
Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
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Cunjing Lv (吕存景)
Cunjing Lv (吕存景)
a)
(Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing)
Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
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a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
Physics of Fluids 35, 112111 (2023)
Article history
Received:
August 25 2023
Accepted:
October 27 2023
Citation
Bin Zhang, Chen Ma, Huanlei Zhao, Yinggang Zhao, Pengfei Hao, Xi-Qiao Feng, Cunjing Lv; Effect of wettability on the impact force of water drops falling on flat solid surfaces. Physics of Fluids 1 November 2023; 35 (11): 112111. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0173851
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