Orbital shakers are simple devices that provide mixing, aeration, and shear stress at multiple scales and high throughput. For this reason, they are extensively used in a wide range of applications from protein production to bacterial biofilms and endothelial cell experiments. This study focuses on the behaviour of orbitally shaken shallow fluid layers in cylindrical containers. In order to investigate the behaviour over a wide range of different conditions, a significant number of numerical simulations are carried out under different configuration parameters. We demonstrate that potential theory—despite the relatively low Reynolds number of the system—describes the free-surface amplitude well and the velocity field reasonably well, except when the forcing frequency is close to a natural frequency and resonance occurs. By classifying the simulations into non-breaking, breaking, and breaking with part of the bottom uncovered, it is shown that the onset of wave breaking is well described by Δh/(2R) = 0.7Γ, where Δh is the free-surface amplitude, R is the container radius, and Γ is the container aspect ratio; Δh can be well approximated using the potential theory. This result is in agreement with standard wave breaking theories although the significant inertial forcing causes wave breaking at lower amplitudes.
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March 2018
Research Article|
March 30 2018
Orbitally shaken shallow fluid layers. I. Regime classification
Paola Alpresa;
Paola Alpresa
Imperial College London
, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
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Spencer Sherwin
;
Spencer Sherwin
Imperial College London
, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
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Peter Weinberg;
Peter Weinberg
Imperial College London
, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
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Maarten van Reeuwijk
Maarten van Reeuwijk
a)
Imperial College London
, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
Search for other works by this author on:
Paola Alpresa
Spencer Sherwin
Peter Weinberg
Maarten van Reeuwijk
a)
Imperial College London
, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
a)
Electronic mail: [email protected]
Physics of Fluids 30, 032107 (2018)
Article history
Received:
July 19 2017
Accepted:
November 16 2017
Connected Content
A companion article has been published:
Orbitally shaken shallow fluid layers. II. An improved wall shear stress model
Citation
Paola Alpresa, Spencer Sherwin, Peter Weinberg, Maarten van Reeuwijk; Orbitally shaken shallow fluid layers. I. Regime classification. Physics of Fluids 1 March 2018; 30 (3): 032107. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4996916
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