A fully temporal linear stability analysis for round liquid jets is accomplished in this study. Three-dimensional disturbances are considered and a detailed parametric investigation is performed. The results indicate that only the nonaxisymmetric mode with azimuthal wavenumber m=1 may prevail over the axisymmetric mode and appear to dominate the maximum growth rate. The domain in which the nonaxisymmetric modes may start to grow is also clarified. A comparison with experimental observations in the literature is also presented. The results provide a complete understanding of the stability characteristics of round liquid jets.

1.
S. P.
Lin
,
Breakup of Liquid Sheets and Jets
(
Cambridge University Press
,
Cambridge
,
2003
).
2.
L.
Rayleigh
, “
On the instability of jets
,”
Proc. London Math. Soc.
10
,
4
(
1879
).
3.
K. C.
Chaudhary
and
L. G.
Redekopp
, “
The nonlinear capillary instability of a liquid jet. Part 1. Theory
,”
J. Fluid Mech.
96
,
257
(
1980
).
4.
A. J.
Grant
, “
A numerical model of instability in axisymmetric jets
,”
J. Fluid Mech.
66
,
707
(
1974
).
5.
S. P.
Lin
and
Z. W.
Lian
, “
Absolute instability of a liquid jet in a gas
,”
Phys. Fluids A
1
,
490
(
1989
).
6.
J. W.
Hoyt
and
J. J.
Taylor
, “
Waves on the water jets
,”
J. Fluid Mech.
83
,
119
(
1977
).
7.
J. W.
Hoyt
and
J. J.
Taylor
, “
Turbulence structure in a water jet discharging in air
,”
Phys. Fluids
20
,
253
(
1977
).
8.
W. O. H.
Mayer
and
R.
Branam
, “
Atomization characteristics on the surface of a round liquid jet
,”
Exp. Fluids
36
,
528
(
2004
).
9.
H. Q.
Yang
, “
Nonaxisymmetric instability of a liquid jet
,”
Phys. Fluids A
4
,
681
(
1992
).
10.
S. P.
Lin
and
R.
Webb
, “
Nonaxisymmetric evanescent waves in a viscous liquid jet
,”
Phys. Fluids
6
,
2545
(
1994
).
11.
E.
Avital
, “
Nonaxisymmetric instability of a viscid capillary jet in an inviscid media
,”
Phys. Fluids
7
,
1162
(
1995
).
12.
X.
Li
, “
Mechanism of atomization of a liquid jet
,”
Atomization Sprays
5
,
89
(
1995
).
13.
E. A.
Ibrahim
, “
Nonaxisymmetric instability of a viscous liquid jet
,”
J. Colloid Interface Sci.
189
,
181
(
1997
).
14.
A.
Bejan
,
Convection Heat Transfer
, 2nd ed. (
Wiley
,
New York
,
1995
), Sec. 6.3, pp.
274
277
.
You do not currently have access to this content.