Deviations from the quasistationary state in diffusion have been studied experimentally by measuring self‐diffusion of gases, both isothermally and in a temperature gradient. Thermal diffusion is negligible in the cases considered. The nonisothermal measurements also serve as a check on the fundamental diffusion equation, which has not previously been tested except under isothermal conditions. The technique is convenient for obtaining diffusion coefficients over wide temperature ranges without the necessity of having all parts of the apparatus at an extreme temperature. Self‐diffusion coefficients for CO2 and Kr have been obtained over the range of about 230° to 470°K by this method. Although the corrections for nonattainment of the quasistationary state are not small in the apparatuses used, the values for CO2 are in good agreement with those from other sources and the values for Kr are in fair agreement with others, provided the temperature gradients were not too large.

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E. P.
Ney
and
F. C.
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71
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See also
F.
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E. B.
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(a)
P. T.
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Proc. Phys. Soc. (London)
B67
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753
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(b) See also
S. C.
Saxena
and
E. A.
Mason
,
Mol. Phys.
2
,
264
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379
(
1959
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3.
R.
Paul
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Phys. Fluids
3
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905
(
1960
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E. B.
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,
Phys. Rev.
80
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1024
(
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5.
E. R. S.
Winter
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Trans. Faraday Soc.
47
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I.
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,
J. W.
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E. A.
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, and
J.
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20
,
436
(
1952
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E. A.
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32
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E. A.
Mason
,
35
,
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(
1961
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J. Chem. Phys.
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B. E. F.
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J. Chem. Phys.
35
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B. E. F.
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G. D.
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36
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J. Chem. Phys.
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K. E. Grew and T. L. Ibbs, Thermal Diffusion in Gases (Cambridge University Press, New York, 1952), Chap. 3.
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(a)
H. K.
Lonsdale
and
E. A.
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61
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(
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(b)
S. C.
Saxena
and
E. A.
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N.
Zwiebel
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J.
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W. W.
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71
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376
(
1949
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12.
J. O. Hirschfelder, C. F. Curtiss, and R. B. Bird, Molecular Theory of Gases and Liquids (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1954), pp. 516–517.
13.
I.
Amdur
,
J.
Ross
, and
E. A.
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20
,
1620
(
1952
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14.
Reference 12, Chap. 8.
15.
E. M.
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and
H. M.
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19
,
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(
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H. M.
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21
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E. M.
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,
23
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16.
S.
Weissman
and
E. A.
Mason
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37
,
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(
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17.
M.
Trautz
and
R.
Zink
,
Ann. Physik
7
,
427
(
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M.
Trautz
and
F.
Kurz
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Ann. Physik
9
,
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Ann. Phys.
H. L.
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K. E.
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44
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L.
Monchick
and
E. A.
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35
,
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(
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19.
W.
Groth
and
P.
Harteck
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47
,
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(
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20.
B. N.
Srivastava
and
R.
Paul
,
Physica
28
,
646
(
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).
21.
K.
Schäfer
and
K.
Schuhmann
,
Z. Elektrochem.
61
,
246
(
1957
).
22.
(a) Viscosity;
A. O.
Rankine
,
Proc. Roy. Soc. (London)
A83
,
516
(
1910
);
A. O.
Rankine
,
Proc. Roy. Soc. (London)
A84
,
181
(
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); ,
Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A
J.
Kestin
and
W.
Leidenfrost
,
Physica
25
,
1033
(
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E.
Thornton
,
Proc. Phys. Soc. (London)
76
,
104
(
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);
E.
Thornton
,
77
,
1166
(
1961
). ,
Proc. Phys. Soc. London
The viscosity of Kr has also been measured by
A. G.
Nasini
and
C.
Rossi
[
Gazz. Chim. Ital.
58
,
433
,
898
(
1928
)], but their results are not in good agreement with those of other workers and have therefore not been used here.
(b) Thermal Conductivity;
M.
Curie
and
A.
Lepape
,
Compt. rend.
193
,
842
(
1931
);
M.
Curie
and
A.
Lepape
,
J. phys. radium
2
,
393
(
1931
);
W. G.
Kannuluik
and
E. H.
Carman
,
Proc. Phys. Soc. (London)
B65
,
701
(
1952
);
F. G.
Keyes
,
Trans. Am. Soc. Mech. Engrs.
77
,
1395
(
1955
);
B. N.
Srivastava
and
S. C.
Saxena
,
Proc. Phys. Soc. (London)
B70
,
369
(
1957
);
H.
von Ubisch
,
Arkiv Fysik
16
,
93
(
1959
);
H.
von Ubisch
,
Phys. Fluids
3
,
355
(
1960
).
23.
The exponent of Eq. (24) is that reported by Schäfer and Schuhmann, but the coefficient has been calculated by us using this exponent.
24.
This approximation appears to have satisfactory accuracy for Kr in the temperature range of interest. See
E. A.
Mason
,
J. Chem. Phys.
27
,
782
(
1957
).
25.
S.
Weissman
,
S. C.
Saxena
, and
E. A.
Mason
,
Phys. Fluids
3
,
510
(
1960
).
26.
T. I.
Moran
and
W. W.
Watson
,
Phys. Rev.
109
,
1184
(
1958
).
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