Involvement of cationic sublattices in multiple polarization states in CuInP₂S₆ ferrielectrics Available to Purchase

The contribution of copper and indium cationic sublattices on polarization hysteresis loops in CuInP₂S₆ van der Waals ferrielectrics has been studied within the quantum anharmonic oscillator model that considers the ordering dynamics of Cu⁺ cations in the double-well local potential and displacive dynamics of In³⁺ cations in the three-well shaped potential. The multiple polarization states are manifested as single, double, and triple P(E) hysteresis loops. The triple loops originate from a field-induced ferrielectric to ferroelectric phase transition within a certain range of the phase diagram with continuous increase in the spontaneous polarization below the second-order transition from the paraelectric phase to the ferrielectric state.