The features of Bose condensation in an equilibrium ideal gas consisting of two types of charged fermions and their bound states—hydrogenlike atoms—in the presence of equilibrium between the photons and matter are investigated. It is shown that under such conditions the main influence on the Bose–Einstein condensation comes from the existence of levels concerned with the hyperfine splitting of the ground state of the hydrogenlike atom. The critical temperature and condensate density as functions of magnetic field are determined by considering effects due to the additional splitting of the levels of the hyperfine structure of the ground state in an external uniform static magnetic field (the Zeeman and Paschen–Back effects). It is found that under conditions of total statistical equilibrium in the system, a condensate is formed only by atoms found in the lowest energy state. It is shown that in the absence of equilibrium between radiation and matter, in the region of ultralow temperatures and low densities, the system can be treated as a multicomponent ideal gas of hydrogenlike atoms. The existence of a hierarchy of individual transition temperatures of each of the samples to the state with Bose–Einstein condensation is established. Expressions are found for the critical temperatures and number densities of particles in the condensate for each of the system components.

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