Photon upconversion, particularly via triplet–triplet annihilation (TTA), could prove beneficial in expanding the efficiencies and overall impacts of optoelectronic devices across a multitude of technologies. The recent development of bulk metal halide perovskites as triplet sensitizers is one potential step toward the industrialization of upconversion-enabled devices. Here, we investigate the impact of varying additions of bromide into a lead iodide perovskite thin film on the TTA upconversion process in the annihilator molecule rubrene. We find an interplay between the bromide content and the overall device efficiency. In particular, a higher bromide content results in higher internal upconversion efficiencies enabled by more efficient charge extraction at the interface likely due to a more favorable band alignment. However, the external upconversion efficiency decreases as the absorption cross section in the near infrared is reduced. The highest upconversion performance is found in our study for a bromide content of 5%. This result can be traced back to a high absorption cross section in the near infrared and higher photoluminescence quantum yield in comparison to the iodide-only perovskite and an increased driving force for charge transfer.
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Mixed halide bulk perovskite triplet sensitizers: Interplay between band alignment, mid-gap traps, and phonons
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21 December 2021
Research Article|
December 16 2021
Mixed halide bulk perovskite triplet sensitizers: Interplay between band alignment, mid-gap traps, and phonons
Alexander S. Bieber;
Alexander S. Bieber
1
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University
, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
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Zachary A. VanOrman;
Zachary A. VanOrman
1
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University
, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
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Hayley K. Drozdick;
Hayley K. Drozdick
1
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University
, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
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Rachel Weiss
;
Rachel Weiss
1
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University
, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
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Sarah Wieghold
;
Sarah Wieghold
1
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University
, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
2
Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory
, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
3
Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory
, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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Lea Nienhaus
Lea Nienhaus
a)
1
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University
, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
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a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
J. Chem. Phys. 155, 234706 (2021)
Article history
Received:
November 02 2021
Accepted:
November 24 2021
Citation
Alexander S. Bieber, Zachary A. VanOrman, Hayley K. Drozdick, Rachel Weiss, Sarah Wieghold, Lea Nienhaus; Mixed halide bulk perovskite triplet sensitizers: Interplay between band alignment, mid-gap traps, and phonons. J. Chem. Phys. 21 December 2021; 155 (23): 234706. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0077439
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