Pt-Pd bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized on TiO2 support on the planar substrate as well as on high surface area SiO2 gel by atomic layer deposition to identify the catalytic performance improvement after the formation of Pt-Pd bimetallic nanoparticles by surface analysis techniques. From X-ray absorption near edge spectra of Pt-Pd bimetallic nanoparticles, d-orbital hybridization between Pt 5d and Pd 4d was observed, which is responsible for charge transfer from Pt to Pd. Moreover, it was found from the in situ grazing incidence X-ray absorption spectroscopy study that Pt-Pd nanoparticles have a Pd shell/Pt core structure with CO adsorption. Resonant photoemission spectroscopy on Pt-Pd bimetallic nanoparticles showed that Pd resonant intensity is enhanced compared to that of Pd monometallic nanoparticles because of d-orbital hybridization and electronic states broadening of Pt and Pd compared monometallic catalysts, which results in catalytic performance improvement.
REFERENCES
1.
Y.-G.
Guo
, J.-S.
Hu
, and L.-J.
Wan
, Adv. Mater.
20
(15
), 2878
–2887
(2008
).2.
S.
Damyanova
and J. M. C.
Bueno
, Appl. Catal., A
253
(1
), 135
–150
(2003
).3.
J.
Lu
, K.-B.
Low
, Y.
Lei
, J. A.
Libera
, A.
Nicholls
, P. C.
Stair
, and J. W.
Elam
, Nat. Commun.
5
, 3264
(2014
).4.
W.
Yu
, M. D.
Porosoff
, and J. G.
Chen
, Chem. Rev.
112
, 5780
–5817
(2012
).5.
E. C.
Wegener
, Z.
Wu
, H.-T.
Tseng
, J. R.
Gallagher
, Y.
Ren
, R. E.
Diaz
, F. H.
Ribeiro
, and J. T.
Miller
, Catal. Today
299
, 146
–153
(2018
).6.
X. F.
Wang
, H. Y.
Zhao
, T. P.
Wu
, Y. Z.
Liu
, and X. H.
Liang
, Catal. Lett.
146
(12
), 2606
–2613
(2016
).7.
J.
Wu
, Z.
Peng
, and A. T.
Bell
, J. Catal.
311
, 161
–168
(2014
).8.
P. J.
Dietrich
, M. C.
Akatay
, F. G.
Sollberger
, E. A.
Stach
, J. T.
Miller
, W. N.
Delgass
, and F. H.
Ribeiro
, ACS Catal.
4
, 480
–491
(2014
).9.
E. P.
Maris
, W. C.
Ketchie
, M.
Murayama
, and R. J.
Davis
, J. Catal.
251
, 281
–294
(2007
).10.
C.
Hammond
, R. L.
Jenkins
, N.
Dimitratos
, J. A.
Lopez-Sanchez
, M. H.
ab Rahim
, M. M.
Forde
, A.
Thetford
, D. M.
Murphy
, H.
Hagen
, E. E.
Stangland
, J. M.
Moulijn
, S. H.
Taylor
, D. J.
Willock
, and G. J.
Hutchings
, Chem. - Eur. J.
18
(49
), 15735
–15745
(2012
).11.
J. R.
Kitchin
, J. K.
Nørskov
, M. A.
Barteau
, and J. G.
Chen
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
93
(15
), 156801
(2004
).12.
J.
Lu
, J. W.
Elam
, and P. C.
Stair
, Acc. Chem. Res.
46
(8
), 1806
–1815
(2013
).13.
S. T.
Christensen
, H.
Feng
, J. L.
Libera
, N.
Guo
, J. T.
Miller
, P. C.
Stair
, and J. W.
Elam
, Nano Lett.
10
(8
), 3047
–3051
(2010
).14.
M.
Chen
, D.
Kumar
, C.-W.
Yi
, and D. W.
Goodman
, Science
310
(5746
), 291
(2005
).15.
C. A.
Rodriguez-Proenza
, J. P.
Palomares-Baez
, M. A.
Chavez-Rojo
, A. F.
Garcia-Ruiz
, C. L.
Azanza-Ricardo
, A.
Santovena-Uribe
, G.
Luna-Barcenas
, J. L.
Rodriguez-Lopez
, and R.
Esparza
, Materials
11
(10
), 1882
(2018
).16.
R.
Mendoza-Pérez
and G.
Guisbiers
, Nanotechnology
30
, 305702
(2019
).17.
R. M.
Navarro
, B.
Pawelec
, J. M.
Trejo
, R.
Mariscal
, and J. L. G.
Fierro
, J. Catal.
189
(1
), 184
–194
(2000
).18.
A.
Gutiérrez
, J. M.
Arandes
, P.
Castaño
, M.
Olazar
, A.
Barona
, and J.
Bilbao
, Fuel Process. Technol.
95
, 8
–15
(2012
).19.
M.
Skoglundh
, L. O.
Löwendahl
, and J. E.
Otterated
, Appl. Catal.
77
(1
), 9
–20
(1991
).20.
H.
Kobayashi
, M.
Yamauchi
, H.
Kitagawa
, Y.
Kubota
, K.
Kato
, and M.
Takata
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
132
(16
), 5576
–5577
(2010
).21.
Z.
Peng
and H.
Yang
, J. Am. Chem. Soc.
131
(22
), 7542
–7543
(2009
).22.
D. G.
Castner
, B. A.
Sexton
, and G. A.
Somorjai
, Surf. Sci.
71
(3
), 519
–540
(1978
).23.
R.
Imbihl
and G.
Ertl
, Chem. Rev.
95
(3
), 697
–733
(1995
).24.
C. T.
Campbell
, Surf. Sci. Rep.
27
(1
), 1
–111
(1997
).25.
C. R.
Henry
, Surf. Sci. Rep.
31
(7
), 231
–325
(1998
).26.
M.
Bäumer
and H. J.
Freund
, Prog. Surf. Sci.
61
(7-8
), 127
–198
(1999
).27.
D. W.
Goodman
, Chem. Rev.
95
(3
), 523
–536
(1995
).28.
U.
Diebold
, Surf. Sci. Rep.
48
, 53
–229
(2003
).29.
B. J.
O’Neill
, D. H. K.
Jackson
, J.
Lee
, C.
Canlas
, P. C.
Stair
, C. L.
Marshall
, J. W.
Elam
, T. F.
Kuech
, J. A.
Dumesic
, and G. W.
Huber
, ACS Catal.
5
(3
), 1804
–1825
(2015
).30.
T. D.
Gould
, A. M.
Lubers
, A. R.
Corpuz
, A. W.
Weimer
, J. L.
Falconer
, and J. W.
Medlin
, ACS Catal.
5
(2
), 1344
–1352
(2015
).31.
A. C.
Kozen
, C.-F.
Lin
, A. J.
Pearse
, M. A.
Schroeder
, X.
Han
, L.
Hu
, S.-B.
Lee
, G. W.
Rubloff
, and M.
Noked
, ACS Nano
9
(6
), 5884
–5892
(2015
).32.
S. M.
George
, Chem. Rev.
110
(1
), 111
–131
(2010
).33.
B. S.
Lim
, A.
Rahtu
, and R. G.
Gordon
, Nat. Mater.
2
(11
), 749
–754
(2003
).34.
Z.
Lu
, B.
Liu
, B.
Zhang
, Z.
Gan
, S.
Tang
, L.
Ma
, T.
Wu
, G. J.
Nelson
, Y.
Qin
, C. H.
Turner
, and Y.
Lei
, J. Catal.
377
, 419
–728
(2019
).35.
T. M.
Onn
, S. Y.
Zhang
, L.
Arroyo-Ramirez
, Y. C.
Chung
, G. W.
Graham
, X. Q.
Pan
and R. J.
Gorte
, ACS Catal.
5
(10
), 5696
–5701
(2015
).36.
X. R.
Jiang
, H.
Huang
, F. B.
Prinz
, and S. F.
Bent
, Chem. Mater.
20
(12
), 3897
–3905
(2008
).37.
B.
Zhang
and Y.
Qin
, ACS Catal.
8
(11
), 10064
–10081
(2018
).38.
Y.
Lei
, S.
Lee
, K.-B.
Low
, C. L.
Marshall
, and J. W.
Elam
, ACS Catal.
6
(6
), 3457
–3460
(2016
).39.
F.
Zaera
, J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
3
(10
), 1301
–1309
(2012
).40.
Y.
Lei
, B.
Liu
, J. L.
Lu
, X.
Lin
, L.
Gao
, N.
Guisinger
, J. P.
Greeley
, and J. W.
Elam
, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
17
, 6470
–6477
(2015
).41.
Y.
Lei
, F.
Mehmood
, S.
Lee
, J.
Greeley
, B.
Lee
, S.
Seifert
, R. E.
Winans
, J. W.
Elam
, R. J.
Meyer
, P. C.
Redfern
, D.
Teschner
, R.
Schlogl
, M. J.
Pellin
, L. A.
Curtiss
, and S.
Vajda
, Science
328
(5975
), 224
–228
(2010
).42.
J.
Lu
, B.
Fu
, M. C.
Kung
, G.
Xiao
, J. W.
Elam
, H. H.
Kung
, and P. C.
Stair
, Science
335
(6073
), 1205
(2012
).43.
A.
Santasalo-Aarnio
, E.
Sairanen
, R. M.
Arán-Ais
, M. C.
Figueiredo
, J.
Hua
, J. M.
Feliu
, J.
Lehtonen
, R.
Karinen
, and T.
Kallio
, J. Catal.
309
, 38
–48
(2014
).44.
M. J.
Weber
, A. J. M.
Mackus
, M. A.
Verheijen
, C.
van der Marel
, and W. M. M.
Kessels
, Chem. Mater.
24
(15
), 2973
–2977
(2012
).45.
Y.
Lei
, B.
Liu
, J.
Lu
, R. J.
Lobo-Lapidus
, T.
Wu
, H.
Feng
, X.
Xia
, A. U.
Mane
, J. A.
Libera
, J. P.
Greeley
, J. T.
Miller
, and J. W.
Elam
, Chem. Mater.
24
(18
), 3525
–3533
(2012
).46.
Z.
Lu
, O.
Kizilkaya
, A. J.
Kropf
, M.
Piernavieja-Hermida
, J. T.
Miller
, R. L.
Kurtz
, J. W.
Elam
, and Y.
Lei
, Catal. Sci. Technol.
6
(18
), 6845
–6852
(2016
).47.
H.-B.-R.
Lee
and S. F.
Bent
, Chem. Mater.
24
(2
), 279
–286
(2012
).48.
J.
Lu
and P. C.
Stair
, Langmuir
26
(21
), 16486
–16495
(2010
).49.
D.
Friebel
, D. J.
Miller
, C. P.
O’Grady
, T.
Anniyev
, J.
Bargar
, U.
Bergmann
, H.
Ogasawara
, K. T.
Wikfeldt
, L. G. M.
Pettersson
, and A.
Nilsson
, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
13
(1
), 262
–266
(2011
).50.
S.
Chakraborty
, S. C.
Nayak
, and D.
Goutam
, Catal. Today
254
(1
), 62
–71
(2015
).51.
Y.
Yu
, B.
Fonfé
, A.
Jentys
, G. L.
Haller
, J. A. R.
van Veen
, O. Y.
Gutiérrez
, and J. A.
Lercher
, J. Catal.
292
, 1
–12
(2012
).52.
S. J.
Cho
and S. K.
Kang
, Catal. Today
93-95
, 561
–566
(2004
).53.
J.
Li
, C.-H.
Liu
, M. N.
Banis
, D.
Vaccarello
, Z.-F.
Ding
, S.-D.
Wang
, and T.-K.
Sham
, J. Phys. Chem. C
121
(44
), 24861
–24870
(2017
).54.
J.
Li
, T.-K.
Sham
, Y.
Ye
, J.
Zhu
, and J.
Guo
, J. Phys. Chem. C
119
(4
), 2222
–2230
(2015
).55.
F.
Bernardi
, A.
Traverse
, L.
Olivi
, M. C. M.
Alves
, and J.
Morais
, J. Phys. Chem. C
115
(25
), 12243
–12249
(2011
).56.
K. K.
Bando
, T.
Kawai
, K.
Asakura
, T.
Matsui
, L.
Le Bihan
, H.
Yasuda
, Y.
Yoshimura
, and S. T.
Oyama
, Catal. Today
111
(3
), 199
–204
(2006
).57.
Y.
Lei
, J.
Jelic
, L. C.
Nitsche
, R.
Meyer
, and J.
Miller
, Top. Catal.
54
(5
), 334
–348
(2011
).58.
P. O.
Nilsson
, C. G.
Larsson
, and W.
Eberhardt
, Phys. Rev. B
24
(4
), 1739
–1743
(1981
).© 2020 Author(s).
2020
Author(s)
You do not currently have access to this content.