A combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy has been used to provide an experimental measure of nitrogen atomic charges in nine ionic liquids (ILs). These experimental results are used to validate charges calculated with three computational methods: charges from electrostatic potentials using a grid-based method (ChelpG), natural bond orbital population analysis, and the atoms in molecules approach. By combining these results with those from a previous study on sulfur, we find that ChelpG charges provide the best description of the charge distribution in ILs. However, we find that ChelpG charges can lead to significant conformational dependence and therefore advise that small differences in ChelpG charges (<0.3 e) should be interpreted with care. We use these validated charges to provide physical insight into nitrogen atomic charges for the ILs probed.
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21 May 2018
Research Article|
February 07 2018
Experimental validation of calculated atomic charges in ionic liquids Available to Purchase
Special Collection:
Chemical Physics of Ionic Liquids
Richard M. Fogarty;
Richard M. Fogarty
1
Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London
, London, United Kingdom
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Richard P. Matthews
;
Richard P. Matthews
1
Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London
, London, United Kingdom
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Claire R. Ashworth;
Claire R. Ashworth
1
Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London
, London, United Kingdom
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Agnieszka Brandt-Talbot;
Agnieszka Brandt-Talbot
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London
, London, United Kingdom
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Robert G. Palgrave;
Robert G. Palgrave
3
Department of Chemistry, University College London
, London, United Kingdom
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Richard A. Bourne;
Richard A. Bourne
4
School of Chemical and Process Engineering and Institute of Process Research and Development, School of Chemistry, University of Leeds
, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Tom Vander Hoogerstraete;
Tom Vander Hoogerstraete
5
Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven
, Leuven, Belgium
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Patricia A. Hunt;
Patricia A. Hunt
a)
1
Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London
, London, United Kingdom
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Kevin R. J. Lovelock
Kevin R. J. Lovelock
a)
6
Department of Chemistry, University of Reading
, Reading, United Kingdom
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Richard M. Fogarty
1
Richard P. Matthews
1
Claire R. Ashworth
1
Agnieszka Brandt-Talbot
2
Robert G. Palgrave
3
Richard A. Bourne
4
Tom Vander Hoogerstraete
5
Patricia A. Hunt
1,a)
Kevin R. J. Lovelock
6,a)
1
Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London
, London, United Kingdom
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London
, London, United Kingdom
3
Department of Chemistry, University College London
, London, United Kingdom
4
School of Chemical and Process Engineering and Institute of Process Research and Development, School of Chemistry, University of Leeds
, Leeds, United Kingdom
5
Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven
, Leuven, Belgium
6
Department of Chemistry, University of Reading
, Reading, United Kingdom
a)
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected] and [email protected]
J. Chem. Phys. 148, 193817 (2018)
Article history
Received:
November 01 2017
Accepted:
December 29 2017
Citation
Richard M. Fogarty, Richard P. Matthews, Claire R. Ashworth, Agnieszka Brandt-Talbot, Robert G. Palgrave, Richard A. Bourne, Tom Vander Hoogerstraete, Patricia A. Hunt, Kevin R. J. Lovelock; Experimental validation of calculated atomic charges in ionic liquids. J. Chem. Phys. 21 May 2018; 148 (19): 193817. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5011662
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