A series of three multiply charged molecular clusters, (benzene), (acetonitrile), and (tetrahydrofuran), where the charge z is either 3 or 4, have been studied for the purpose of identifying the patterns of behaviour close to the charge instability limit. Experiments show that on a time scale of ∼10−4 s, ions close to the limit undergo Coulomb fission where the observed pathways exhibit considerable asymmetry in the sizes of the charged fragments and are all associated with kinetic (ejection) energies of between 1.4 and 2.2 eV. Accurate kinetic energies have been determined through a computer simulation of peak profiles recorded in the experiments and the results modelled using a theory formulated to describe how charged particles of dielectric materials interact with one another [E. Bichoutskaia et al., J. Chem. Phys. 133, 024105 (2010)]. The calculated electrostatic interaction energy between separating fragments gives an accurate account for the measured kinetic energies and also supports the conclusion that +4 ions fragment into +3 and +1 products as opposed to the alternative of two +2 fragments. This close match between the theory and experiment reinforces the assumption that a significant fraction of excess charge resides on the surfaces of the fragment ions. It is proposed that the high degree of asymmetry seen in the fragmentation patterns of the multiply charged clusters is due, in part, to limits imposed by the time window during which observations are made.
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28 April 2017
Research Article|
April 25 2017
Coulomb fission in multiply charged molecular clusters: Experiment and theory
Christopher Harris;
Christopher Harris
Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry,
University of Nottingham
, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Joshua Baptiste;
Joshua Baptiste
Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry,
University of Nottingham
, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Eric B. Lindgren
;
Eric B. Lindgren
Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry,
University of Nottingham
, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Elena Besley
;
Elena Besley
Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry,
University of Nottingham
, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Anthony J. Stace
Anthony J. Stace
a)
Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry,
University of Nottingham
, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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a)
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Electronic mail: anthony.stace@nottingham.ac.uk
J. Chem. Phys. 146, 164302 (2017)
Article history
Received:
January 17 2017
Accepted:
April 10 2017
Citation
Christopher Harris, Joshua Baptiste, Eric B. Lindgren, Elena Besley, Anthony J. Stace; Coulomb fission in multiply charged molecular clusters: Experiment and theory. J. Chem. Phys. 28 April 2017; 146 (16): 164302. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4981918
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