A short discussion of the nature of distribution equilibria between mixed crystals and aqueous solutions is given. From the general theory of the thermodynamical potential and the activity theory of strong electrolytes, equations are deduced giving the influence of the composition of the liquid phase on the distribution ratio and the dependence of the partition constant on the properties of the pure components. The relative importance of the various factors in these equations, depending on the concentrations and properties of the components, is discussed. The deduced equations are in agreement with the experimental data.
REFERENCES
1.
2.
G. Bruni, Feste Lösungen und Isomorphismus, Leipzig, 1908, where the early literature is given.
3.
See Tammann, reference 2.
4.
For a summary see:
V.
Chlopin
, A.
Polessitsky
, A.
Ratner
, and P.
Tolmatscheff
, Ber.
64
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(1931
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V. Chlopin and A. Ratner, Comptes Rendus Acad. Sciences U.S.S.R. 723 (1930).
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Lewis and Randall, Thermodynamics, McGraw‐Hill Book Co., New York, 1923, p. 259.
10.
So it is generally, but not always for the above factors change the activity coefficients in different directions, and we may find sometimes that as a result of their interaction the activity coefficient of the microcomponent would get farther from that of macrocomponent instead of approaching it. Such is the case for HCl in concentrated solutions of LiCl (see
J.
Hawkins
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54
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(1932
).11.
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M. Curie, Traite de Radoactivite, Gauther, Villard, Paris, 1910. V.I. p. 174.
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© 1933 American Institute of Physics.
1933
American Institute of Physics
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