In recent years, a considerable interest has been drawn to microwave heating of powder metals and other electrically conductive materials. In this paper a consistent formulation describing the absorption of microwaves in electrically conductive materials under different microwave heating conditions is developed. A special case when conductive powder particles are surrounded by insulating oxide layers is investigated in detail using the effective-medium approximation. The conditions giving rise to skin effect governed, volumetric, and localized microwave heating are analyzed. Experimental observations of different microwave heating regimes in silicon, iron, and copper powder compacts are in general agreement with the theoretical model.
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