We present a review of the developments leading to our present understanding of the excitation spectrum of planar and uniaxial Heisenberg chains (xxz) as probed by dynamic form factors. Exact zero‐temperature results, finite‐chain calculations for s = 1/2, and molecular‐dynamics results, realistic for s≫1 and T≳0, are discussed, and the role of envelope solitons clarified.

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