Magnetization measurements on a single crystal of gadolinium have established that the Curie temperature Tc is 292.5±0.5°K, that the initial susceptibility is given by from Tc to 20° above Tc, and that the magnetization is given by σ=CH¼ at Tc. These results are obtained only if measurements are made along the 〈0001〉 easy direction; measurements in other crystallographic directions give significantly different results because the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of Gd is not zero at and above Tc.
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1965
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