To maximize the capabilities of minimally invasive implantable bioelectronic devices, we must deliver large amounts of power to small implants; however, as devices are made smaller, it becomes more difficult to transfer large amounts of power without a wired connection. Indeed, recent work has explored creative wireless power transfer (WPT) approaches to maximize power density [the amount of power transferred divided by receiver footprint area (length × width)]. Here, we analyzed a model for WPT using magnetoelectric (ME) materials that convert an alternating magnetic field into an alternating voltage. With this model, we identify the parameters that impact WPT efficiency and optimize the power density. We find that improvements in adhesion between the laminated ME layers, clamping, and selection of material thicknesses lead to a power density of 3.1 mW/mm2, which is over four times larger than previously reported for mm-sized wireless bioelectronic implants at a depth of 1 cm or more in tissue. This improved power density allows us to deliver 31 and 56 mW to 10 and 27-mm2 ME receivers, respectively. This total power delivery is over five times larger than similarly sized bioelectronic devices powered by radiofrequency electromagnetic waves, inductive coupling, ultrasound, light, capacitive coupling, or previously reported magnetoelectrics. This increased power density opens the door to more power-intensive bioelectronic applications that have previously been inaccessible using mm-sized battery-free devices.
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7 September 2023
Research Article|
September 06 2023
Magnetoelectrics enables large power delivery to mm-sized wireless bioelectronics
Wonjune Kim
;
Wonjune Kim
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University
, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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C. Anne Tuppen
;
C. Anne Tuppen
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University
, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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Fatima Alrashdan
;
Fatima Alrashdan
(Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing)
1
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University
, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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Amanda Singer
;
Amanda Singer
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing)
1
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University
, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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Rachel Weirnick
;
Rachel Weirnick
(Data curation, Formal analysis, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing)
2
Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University
, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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Jacob T. Robinson
Jacob T. Robinson
a)
(Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing)
1
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University
, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
3
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University
, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
4
Applied Physics Program, Rice University
, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
5
Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine
, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
*a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
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Wonjune Kim
1
C. Anne Tuppen
1
Fatima Alrashdan
1
Amanda Singer
1
Rachel Weirnick
2
Jacob T. Robinson
1,3,4,5,a)
1
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University
, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
2
Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University
, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
3
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University
, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
4
Applied Physics Program, Rice University
, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
5
Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine
, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
*a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
J. Appl. Phys. 134, 094103 (2023)
Article history
Received:
April 25 2023
Accepted:
August 17 2023
Citation
Wonjune Kim, C. Anne Tuppen, Fatima Alrashdan, Amanda Singer, Rachel Weirnick, Jacob T. Robinson; Magnetoelectrics enables large power delivery to mm-sized wireless bioelectronics. J. Appl. Phys. 7 September 2023; 134 (9): 094103. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0156015
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