A pulsed microwave surfaguide-type discharge used for nitrogen fixation in N–O gas mixtures is characterized by optical emission spectroscopy. Results show that both rotational and vibrational temperatures are elevated in the active zone near the waveguide, decaying along the discharge tube in both upstream and downstream. The characteristic length of optical emission from NO(-) transition gets contracted when pressure increases, specifically at Torr. The degree of vibrational non-equilibrium (defined as the ratio between vibrational and rotational temperatures) is decreased by a factor of two when pressure changes from 0.6 to 10 Torr. Non-equilibrium likely disappears as the discharge pressure rises, resulting in a gas temperature elevation. A correlation between gas residence time, pulse duration, and characteristic times for different energy transfer channels is discussed. The rotational–vibrational dynamics differs for NO and N during the pulse. Both species lose vibrational excitation at the beginning of the pulse, whereas N gets re-excited again during the second half of the pulse, which may occur as a result of an efficient pumping-up effect through the vibrational–vibrational energy transfer. At the same time, vibrational relaxation of NO takes place primarily due to a strong vibrational–translational exchange via NO–O and NO–O collisions.
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Investigation of nitrogen fixation in low-pressure microwave plasma via rotational–vibrational NO and N2 kinetics
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21 March 2023
Research Article|
March 15 2023
Investigation of nitrogen fixation in low-pressure microwave plasma via rotational–vibrational NO and N2 kinetics
Omid Samadi Bahnamiri
;
Omid Samadi Bahnamiri
a)
(Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft)
1
Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), CIRMAP, Université de Mons
, 23 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
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Filippo Manaigo;
Filippo Manaigo
(Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing)
1
Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), CIRMAP, Université de Mons
, 23 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
2
Research group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp
, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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Abhyuday Chatterjee
;
Abhyuday Chatterjee
(Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing)
1
Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), CIRMAP, Université de Mons
, 23 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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Rony Snyders
;
Rony Snyders
(Conceptualization, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing)
1
Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface (ChIPS), CIRMAP, Université de Mons
, 23 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium
3
Materia Nova Research Center, Parc Initialis
, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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Federico Antonio D’Isa
;
Federico Antonio D’Isa
b)
(Conceptualization, Software, Writing – review & editing)
4
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics
, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Nikolay Britun
Nikolay Britun
(Conceptualization, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing)
5
Center for Low-temperature Plasma Sciences, Nagoya University
, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
b)
Present address: Consorzio RFX, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova (PD), Italy
J. Appl. Phys. 133, 113303 (2023)
Article history
Received:
December 10 2022
Accepted:
February 12 2023
Citation
Omid Samadi Bahnamiri, Filippo Manaigo, Abhyuday Chatterjee, Rony Snyders, Federico Antonio D’Isa, Nikolay Britun; Investigation of nitrogen fixation in low-pressure microwave plasma via rotational–vibrational NO and N2 kinetics. J. Appl. Phys. 21 March 2023; 133 (11): 113303. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0138298
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