Flexoelectricity is an electromechanical phenomenon produced in a dielectric material, with or without centrosymmetric microstructure, undergoing a non-uniform strain. It is characterized by the fourth-order flexoelectric tensor, which links the electric polarization vector with the gradient of the second-order strain tensor. Our previous work [H. Le Quang and Q.-C. He, Proc. R. Soc. A 467, 2369 (2011)] solved the fundamental theoretical problem of determining the number and types of all rotational symmetries that the flexoelectric tensor can exhibit. In the present study, compact explicit matrix representations of the flexoelectric tensor are provided so as to facilitate the use of it with any possible rotational symmetry. The number and types of all reflection symmetries that the flexoelectric tensor can have are also determined. To identify the rotational symmetry and reflection symmetry of a given flexoelectric tensor, a simple and efficient graphic method based on the concept of pole figures is presented and illustrated.
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Compact explicit matrix representations of the flexoelectric tensor and a graphic method for identifying all of its rotation and reflection symmetries
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28 June 2021
Research Article|
June 22 2021
Compact explicit matrix representations of the flexoelectric tensor and a graphic method for identifying all of its rotation and reflection symmetries
Special Collection:
Trends in Flexoelectricity
H. Le Quang
;
H. Le Quang
a)
1
Université Gustave Eiffel, CNRS MSME UMR 8208
, F-77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: hung.le-quang@univ-eiffel.fr. Tel.: 33 (0) 160 957 797. Fax: 33 (0) 160 957 799.
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Q.-C. He
Q.-C. He
1
Université Gustave Eiffel, CNRS MSME UMR 8208
, F-77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
2
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University
, Chengdu 610031, People’s Republic of China
Search for other works by this author on:
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: hung.le-quang@univ-eiffel.fr. Tel.: 33 (0) 160 957 797. Fax: 33 (0) 160 957 799.
Note: This paper is part of the Special Topic on Trends in Flexoelectricity.
J. Appl. Phys. 129, 244103 (2021)
Article history
Received:
February 22 2021
Accepted:
June 05 2021
Citation
H. Le Quang, Q.-C. He; Compact explicit matrix representations of the flexoelectric tensor and a graphic method for identifying all of its rotation and reflection symmetries. J. Appl. Phys. 28 June 2021; 129 (24): 244103. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0048386
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