This work sets the basis for nonlinear homodyne and heterodyne photothermal radiometry (PTR) as a form of active pyrometry. The intrinsic nonlinearity of thermo-optical conversion described by blackbody radiation laws generates intermodulation harmonics, among which the sum and difference frequencies are easily measured by lock-in amplifiers connected in series or in parallel. Double modulation heterodyne PTR avoids superposition with harmonics generated in nonlinear homodyne PTR by laser modulation distortion. Useful expressions are derived for the determination of temperature variations of the target relative to its absolute temperature, independently of emissivity. In order to determine one or the other temperature, calibration of one of them is necessary. The effects of spectral and temperature dependence of emissivity are also discussed. Local self-heating of a glassy carbon target could be estimated using two superposed laser sources modulated at 30 Hz and 40 Hz. This application opens the path to perform temperature-dependent thermophysical properties’ investigations in a non-contact manner, with a simple setup. Absolute temperature was determined on the surface of a Peltier element modulated at 0.1 Hz, at the location irradiated by a laser beam modulated at 1 Hz. Three data reduction methods (series, parallel, and transient configurations) yielded concordant results.
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21 October 2020
Research Article|
October 16 2020
Nonlinear heterodyne photothermal radiometry for emissivity-free pyrometry
Special Collection:
Photothermics
Mihai Chirtoc
;
Mihai Chirtoc
a)
1
Institut de Thermique, Mécanique, Matériaux ITheMM, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne URCA
, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, France
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: mihai.chirtoc@univ-reims.fr
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Austin Fleming
;
Austin Fleming
2
Measurement Science Department, Idaho National Laboratory
, 2525 Fremont Avenue, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, USA
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Nicolas Horny
;
Nicolas Horny
1
Institut de Thermique, Mécanique, Matériaux ITheMM, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne URCA
, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, France
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Heng Ban
Heng Ban
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh
, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
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a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: mihai.chirtoc@univ-reims.fr
Note: This paper is part of the Special Topic on Photothermics.
J. Appl. Phys. 128, 153101 (2020)
Article history
Received:
June 30 2020
Accepted:
September 25 2020
Citation
Mihai Chirtoc, Austin Fleming, Nicolas Horny, Heng Ban; Nonlinear heterodyne photothermal radiometry for emissivity-free pyrometry. J. Appl. Phys. 21 October 2020; 128 (15): 153101. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0020406
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