Piezoelectric and dielectric properties of [001] and [110]-oriented tetragonal Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)-PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) single crystals (SCs) after alternate current poling (ACP) were investigated. Compared with direct current poling (DCP), the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of [001]-oriented samples have no improvement, while the piezoelectric coefficient d33 and free dielectric constant of [110]-oriented samples increase by 32% and 26%, respectively. The domain was observed on (001) and faces of [110]-oriented samples. The enhancement of the piezoelectric performance is attributed to the high density of domain wall, increase of distorted regions between 90° domains, and monoclinic phase. Compared with DCP, both intrinsic and extrinsic contributions enhance after ACP though the Rayleigh analysis. This work indicates that ACP is an effective way to enhance piezoelectric properties of non-polar axis oriented relaxor-PT ferroelectric SCs.
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