Nano-oscillator-based classification with a machine learning-compatible architecture

Pattern classification architectures leveraging the physics of coupled nano-oscillators have been demonstrated as promising alternative computing approaches but lack effective learning algorithms. In this work, we propose a nano-oscillator based classification architecture where the natural frequencies of the oscillators are learned linear combinations of the inputs and define an offline learning algorithm based on gradient back-propagation. Our results show significant classification improvements over a related approach with online learning. We also compare our architecture with a standard neural network on a simple machine learning case, which suggests that our approach is economical in terms of the number of adjustable parameters. The introduced architecture is also compatible with existing nano-technologies: the architecture does not require changes in the coupling between nano-oscillators, and it is tolerant to oscillator phase noise.