A bilayer graphene film obtained on copper (Cu) foil is known to have a significant fraction of non-Bernal (AB) stacking and on copper/nickel (Cu/Ni) thin films is known to grow over a large-area with AB stacking. In this study, annealed Cu foils for graphene growth were doped with small concentrations of Ni to obtain dilute Cu(Ni) alloys in which the hydrocarbon decomposition rate of Cu will be enhanced by Ni during synthesis of large-area AB-stacked bilayer graphene using atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition. The Ni doped concentration and the Ni homogeneous distribution in Cu foil were confirmed with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and proton-induced X-ray emission. An electron backscatter diffraction map showed that Cu foils have a single (001) surface orientation which leads to a uniform growth rate on Cu surface in early stages of graphene growth and also leads to a uniform Ni surface concentration distribution through segregation kinetics. The increase in Ni surface concentration in foils was investigated with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. The quality of graphene, the number of graphene layers, and the layers stacking order in synthesized bilayer graphene films were confirmed by Raman and electron diffraction measurements. A four point probe station was used to measure the sheet resistance of graphene films. As compared to Cu foil, the prepared dilute Cu(Ni) alloy demonstrated the good capability of growing large-area AB-stacked bilayer graphene film by increasing Ni content in Cu surface layer.
Skip Nav Destination
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
Article navigation
7 January 2016
Research Article|
January 07 2016
A dilute Cu(Ni) alloy for synthesis of large-area Bernal stacked bilayer graphene using atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition
M. J. Madito;
M. J. Madito
1Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Materials, SARCHI Chair in Carbon Technology and Materials,
University of Pretoria
, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
Search for other works by this author on:
A. Bello;
A. Bello
1Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Materials, SARCHI Chair in Carbon Technology and Materials,
University of Pretoria
, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
Search for other works by this author on:
J. K. Dangbegnon;
J. K. Dangbegnon
1Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Materials, SARCHI Chair in Carbon Technology and Materials,
University of Pretoria
, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
Search for other works by this author on:
C. J. Oliphant;
C. J. Oliphant
2
National Metrology Institute of South Africa
, Private Bag X34, Lynwood Ridge, Pretoria 0040, South Africa
Search for other works by this author on:
W. A. Jordaan
;
W. A. Jordaan
2
National Metrology Institute of South Africa
, Private Bag X34, Lynwood Ridge, Pretoria 0040, South Africa
Search for other works by this author on:
D. Y. Momodu;
D. Y. Momodu
1Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Materials, SARCHI Chair in Carbon Technology and Materials,
University of Pretoria
, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
Search for other works by this author on:
T. M. Masikhwa;
T. M. Masikhwa
1Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Materials, SARCHI Chair in Carbon Technology and Materials,
University of Pretoria
, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
Search for other works by this author on:
F. Barzegar;
F. Barzegar
1Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Materials, SARCHI Chair in Carbon Technology and Materials,
University of Pretoria
, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
Search for other works by this author on:
M. Fabiane;
M. Fabiane
1Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Materials, SARCHI Chair in Carbon Technology and Materials,
University of Pretoria
, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
3Department of Physics,
National University of Lesotho
, P.O. Roma 180, Lesotho
Search for other works by this author on:
N. Manyala
N. Manyala
a)
1Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Materials, SARCHI Chair in Carbon Technology and Materials,
University of Pretoria
, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
Search for other works by this author on:
M. J. Madito
1
A. Bello
1
J. K. Dangbegnon
1
C. J. Oliphant
2
W. A. Jordaan
2
D. Y. Momodu
1
T. M. Masikhwa
1
F. Barzegar
1
M. Fabiane
1,3
N. Manyala
1,a)
1Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Materials, SARCHI Chair in Carbon Technology and Materials,
University of Pretoria
, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
2
National Metrology Institute of South Africa
, Private Bag X34, Lynwood Ridge, Pretoria 0040, South Africa
3Department of Physics,
National University of Lesotho
, P.O. Roma 180, Lesotho
a)
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Electronic mail: [email protected]
J. Appl. Phys. 119, 015306 (2016)
Article history
Received:
August 13 2015
Accepted:
December 26 2015
Citation
M. J. Madito, A. Bello, J. K. Dangbegnon, C. J. Oliphant, W. A. Jordaan, D. Y. Momodu, T. M. Masikhwa, F. Barzegar, M. Fabiane, N. Manyala; A dilute Cu(Ni) alloy for synthesis of large-area Bernal stacked bilayer graphene using atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition. J. Appl. Phys. 7 January 2016; 119 (1): 015306. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4939648
Download citation file:
Pay-Per-View Access
$40.00
Sign In
You could not be signed in. Please check your credentials and make sure you have an active account and try again.
Citing articles via
A step-by-step guide to perform x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Grzegorz Greczynski, Lars Hultman
Piezoelectric thin films and their applications in MEMS: A review
Jinpeng Liu, Hua Tan, et al.
Decoding diffraction and spectroscopy data with machine learning: A tutorial
D. Vizoso, R. Dingreville
Related Content
Controllable growth and electrostatic properties of Bernal stacked bilayer MoS2
J. Appl. Phys. (September 2016)
Low-energy Landau levels of Bernal zigzag graphene ribbons
J. Appl. Phys. (July 2009)
The Coulomb excitations of Bernal bilayer graphene under external fields
AIP Conf. Proc. (March 2014)
Selective area growth of Bernal bilayer epitaxial graphene on 4H-SiC (0001) substrate by electron-beam irradiation
Appl. Phys. Lett. (November 2014)
A pathway between Bernal and rhombohedral stacked graphene layers with scanning tunneling microscopy
Appl. Phys. Lett. (May 2012)