Electrically small, complementary electric-field-coupled resonator antennas

We study the radiation properties of electrically small resonant antennas (⁠$ka<1$⁠) composed of electric-field-coupled (ELC) and complementary electric-field-coupled (CELC) resonators and a monopole antenna. We use such parasitic ELC and CELC “metaresonators” to design various electrically small antennas. In particular, monopole-excited and bent-monopole-excited CELC resonator antennas are proposed that provide very low profiles on the order of $λ0/20$⁠. We compare the performance of the proposed ELC and CELC antennas against more conventional designs based upon split-ring resonators.