Nonsaturable absorption in alumino-silicate bismuth-doped fibers Available to Purchase

We report an experimental and theoretical investigation of fluorescence decay and transmission coefficient at $∼1μm$ pumping for a series of bismuth (Bi) doped alumino-silicate fibers with different concentrations of Bi centers. By modeling the experimental data, we show that the excited-state absorption (ESA) and up-conversion (UC) processes are responsible for a growth of nonsaturable absorption and deviation from exponential the fluorescence decay in the fibers with an increase in Bi centers content. Assuming that Bi centers ensemble is composed of subsystems of single and paired centers, and an increase in partial weight of the latter with a Bi centers concentration growth, we can successfully explain the experimental data. Also, these assumptions allow us to estimate the constants characterizing the ESA and both homogeneous and inhomogeneous UC processes in the fibers.