Bending manipulation induced $sp2–sp3$ bond transition in carbon nanotubes

Introducing $sp3$ bonds in carbon nanotubes can significantly modify their electronic properties but need high pressure at room temperature. Here we show by molecular dynamics simulations that $sp2$ to $sp3$ bond transition can be realized through bending manipulation at the buckling location, resembling that of nanoindented carbon nanostructures but with more convenient operation technique. The capability of $sp3$ bond formation is sensitive to the thickness and diameter of the carbon nanotubes. This bending induced $sp3$ structures can serve as tunneling junction for electrons, thus bending manipulation could be a route to tailoring nanocircuits.