Since Galileo’s time, the pendulum has evolved into one of the most exciting physical objects in mathematical modeling due to its vast range of applications for studying various oscillatory dynamics, including bifurcations and chaos, under various interests. This well-deserved focus aids in comprehending various oscillatory physical phenomena that can be reduced to the equations of the pendulum. The present article focuses on the rotational dynamics of the two-dimensional forced-damped pendulum under the influence of the ac and dc torque. Interestingly, we are able to detect a range of the pendulum’s length for which the angular velocity exhibits a few intermittent extreme rotational events that deviate significantly from a certain well-defined threshold. The statistics of the return intervals between these extreme rotational events are supported by our data to be spread exponentially at a specific pendulum’s length beyond which the external dc and ac torque are no longer sufficient for a full rotation around the pivot. The numerical results show a sudden increase in the size of the chaotic attractor due to interior crisis, which is the source of instability that is responsible for triggering large amplitude events in our system. We also notice the occurrence of phase slips with the appearance of extreme rotational events when the phase difference between the instantaneous phase of the system and the externally applied ac torque is observed.
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June 2023
Research Article|
June 12 2023
Extreme rotational events in a forced-damped nonlinear pendulum
Special Collection:
Disruption of Networks and System Dynamics
Tapas Kumar Pal
;
Tapas Kumar Pal
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft)
1
Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute
, Kolkata 700108, India
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Arnob Ray
;
Arnob Ray
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing)
1
Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute
, Kolkata 700108, India
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Sayantan Nag Chowdhury
;
Sayantan Nag Chowdhury
(Conceptualization, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing)
2
Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California
, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Dibakar Ghosh
Dibakar Ghosh
a)
(Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing)
1
Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute
, Kolkata 700108, India
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: diba.ghosh@gmail.com
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a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: diba.ghosh@gmail.com
Note: This paper is part of the Focus Issue on Disruption of Networks and System Dynamics.
Chaos 33, 063134 (2023)
Article history
Received:
March 31 2023
Accepted:
May 11 2023
Citation
Tapas Kumar Pal, Arnob Ray, Sayantan Nag Chowdhury, Dibakar Ghosh; Extreme rotational events in a forced-damped nonlinear pendulum. Chaos 1 June 2023; 33 (6): 063134. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0152699
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