A passive electrochemical coupling approach is proposed to induce spontaneous synchronization between chemical oscillators. The coupling exploits the potential difference between a catalyst redox couple in the Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction, without external feedback, to induce surface reactions that impact the kinetics of the bulk system. The effect of coupling in BZ oscillators under batch condition is characterized using phase synchronization measures. Although the frequency of the oscillators decreases nonlinearly over time, by a factor of 2 or more within 100 cycles, the coupling is strong enough to maintain synchronization. In such a highly drifting system, the Gibbs–Shannon entropy of the cyclic phase difference distribution can be used to quantify the coupling effect. We extend the Oregonator BZ model to account for the drifting natural frequencies in batch condition and for electrochemical coupling, and numerical simulations of the effect of acid concentration on synchronization patterns are in agreement with the experiments. Because of the passive nature of coupling, the proposed coupling scheme can open avenues for designing pattern recognition and neuromorphic computation systems using chemical reactions in a spontaneous process.
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September 2022
Research Article|
September 20 2022
Synchronization of Belousov–Zhabotinsky oscillators with electrochemical coupling in a spontaneous process
Yifan Liu;
Yifan Liu
(Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard Origins of Life Initiative, Harvard University
, 20 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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Juan Pérez-Mercader;
Juan Pérez-Mercader
(Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing)
1
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard Origins of Life Initiative, Harvard University
, 20 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
2
Santa Fe Institute
, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501, USA
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István Z. Kiss
István Z. Kiss
a)
(Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing)
3
Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University
, 3501 Laclede Ave., St. Louis, Missouri 63103, USA
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
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a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected]
Note: This article is part of the Focus Issue, From Chemical Oscillations to Applications of Nonlinear Dynamics: Dedicated to Richard J. Field on the Occasion of his 80th Birthday.
Citation
Yifan Liu, Juan Pérez-Mercader, István Z. Kiss; Synchronization of Belousov–Zhabotinsky oscillators with electrochemical coupling in a spontaneous process. Chaos 1 September 2022; 32 (9): 093128. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0096689
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