We develop algorithms and techniques to compute rigorous bounds for finite pieces of orbits of the critical points, for intervals of parameter values, in the quadratic family of one-dimensional maps . We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach by constructing a dynamically defined partition of the parameter interval into almost subintervals, for each of which we compute to high precision the orbits of the critical points up to some time and other dynamically relevant quantities, several of which can vary greatly, possibly spanning several orders of magnitude. We also subdivide into a family of intervals, which we call stochastic intervals, and a family of intervals, which we call regular intervals. We numerically prove that each interval has an escape time, which roughly means that some iterate of the critical point taken over all the parameters in has considerable width in the phase space. This suggests, in turn, that most parameters belonging to the intervals in are stochastic and most parameters belonging to the intervals in are regular, thus the names. We prove that the intervals in occupy almost 90% of the total measure of . The software and the data are freely available at http://www.pawelpilarczyk.com/quadr/, and a web page is provided for carrying out the calculations. The ideas and procedures can be easily generalized to apply to other parameterized families of dynamical systems.
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July 2020
Research Article|
July 28 2020
Rigorous numerics for critical orbits in the quadratic family
A. Golmakani;
A. Golmakani
a)
1
Universidade Federal de Alagoas
, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
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C. E. Koudjinan
;
C. E. Koudjinan
b)
2
Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP)
, Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
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S. Luzzatto
;
S. Luzzatto
c)
2
Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP)
, Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
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P. Pilarczyk
3
Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology
, ul. Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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d)
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: pawel.pilarczyk@pg.edu.pl
Chaos 30, 073143 (2020)
Article history
Received:
May 06 2020
Accepted:
July 07 2020
Citation
A. Golmakani, C. E. Koudjinan, S. Luzzatto, P. Pilarczyk; Rigorous numerics for critical orbits in the quadratic family. Chaos 1 July 2020; 30 (7): 073143. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0012822
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