Quantifying respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) can provide an index of parasympathetic function. Fourier spectral analysis, the most widely used approach, estimates the power of the heart rate variability in the frequency band of breathing. However, it neglects the time-varying characteristics of the transitions as well as the nonlinear properties of the cardio-respiratory coupling. Here, we propose a novel approach based on Hilbert–Huang transform, called the multimodal coupling analysis (MMCA) method, to assess cardio-respiratory dynamics by examining the instantaneous nonlinear phase interactions between two interconnected signals (i.e., heart rate and respiration) and compare with the counterparts derived from the wavelet-based method. We used an online database. The corresponding RSA components of the 90-min ECG and respiratory signals of 20 young and 20 elderly healthy subjects were extracted and quantified. A cycle-based analysis and a synchro-squeezed wavelet transform were also introduced to assess the amplitude or phase changes of each respiratory cycle. Our results demonstrated that the diminished mean and standard deviation of the derived dynamical RSA activities can better discriminate between elderly and young subjects. Moreover, the degree of nonlinearity of the cycle-by-cycle RSA waveform derived from the differences between the instantaneous frequency and the mean frequency of each respiratory cycle was significantly decreased in the elderly subjects by the MMCA method. The MMCA method in combination with the cycle-based analysis can potentially be a useful tool to depict the aging changes of the parasympathetic function as well as the waveform nonlinearity of RSA compared to the Fourier-based high-frequency power and the wavelet-based method.
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March 2020
Research Article|
March 09 2020
Probing age-related changes in cardio-respiratory dynamics by multimodal coupling assessment
Chen Lin;
Chen Lin
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University
, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
2
Center for Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering, National Central University
, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
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Pei-Feng Lin;
Pei-Feng Lin
3
Department of Geriatrics, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare
, Tainan 700, Taiwan
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Chen-Hsu Wang;
Chen-Hsu Wang
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University
, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
4
Medical Intensive Care Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cathay General Hospital
, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Chung-Hau Juan
;
Chung-Hau Juan
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University
, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
5
Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital
, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Thi-Thao Tran;
Thi-Thao Tran
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University
, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
6
School of Electrical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology
, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
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Van-Truong Pham;
Van-Truong Pham
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University
, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
7
Institute for Control Engineering and Automation, School of Engineering Education, Hanoi University of Science and Technology
, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
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Chun-Tung Nien;
Chun-Tung Nien
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University
, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
8
Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Taiwan Landseed Hospital
, Taoyuan 324, Taiwan
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Yenn-Jiang Lin;
Yenn-Jiang Lin
9
Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital
, Taipei 112, Taiwan
10
Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine
, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Cheng-Yen Wang
;
Cheng-Yen Wang
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University
, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
11
Research Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Treatment, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University
, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Chien-Hung Yeh
;
Chien-Hung Yeh
a)
12
School of information and Electronics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Beijing 100081, China
13
Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford
, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
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Men-Tzung Lo
Men-Tzung Lo
a)
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University
, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
2
Center for Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering, National Central University
, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
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a)
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: [email protected] and [email protected]
Chaos 30, 033118 (2020)
Article history
Received:
November 04 2019
Accepted:
February 13 2020
Citation
Chen Lin, Pei-Feng Lin, Chen-Hsu Wang, Chung-Hau Juan, Thi-Thao Tran, Van-Truong Pham, Chun-Tung Nien, Yenn-Jiang Lin, Cheng-Yen Wang, Chien-Hung Yeh, Men-Tzung Lo; Probing age-related changes in cardio-respiratory dynamics by multimodal coupling assessment. Chaos 1 March 2020; 30 (3): 033118. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5134868
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