Reduced blood flow, as occurring in ischemia or resulting from exposure to microgravity such as encountered in space flights, induces a decrease in the level of shear stress sensed by endothelial cells forming the inner part of blood vessels. In the present study, we use a microvasculature-on-a-chip device in order to investigate in vitro the effect of such a reduction in shear stress on shear-adapted endothelial cells. We find that, within 1 h of exposition to reduced wall shear stress, human umbilical vein endothelial cells undergo reorganization of their actin skeleton with a decrease in the number of stress fibers and actin being recruited into the cells’ peripheral band, indicating a fairly fast change in the cells’ phenotype due to altered flow.
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March 2020
Research Article|
April 21 2020
The effect of shear stress reduction on endothelial cells: A microfluidic study of the actin cytoskeleton
Mehdi Inglebert;
Mehdi Inglebert
1
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy
, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Laura Locatelli;
Laura Locatelli
2
Dept. Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, Univ. di Milano
, Milano I-20157, Italy
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Daria Tsvirkun;
Daria Tsvirkun
1
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy
, 38000 Grenoble, France
3
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University
, Moscow 119991, Russia
4
Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency
, Moscow 119435, Russia
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Priti Sinha;
Priti Sinha
1
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy
, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Jeanette A. Maier;
Jeanette A. Maier
2
Dept. Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, Univ. di Milano
, Milano I-20157, Italy
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Chaouqi Misbah;
Chaouqi Misbah
1
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy
, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Lionel Bureau
Lionel Bureau
a)
1
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy
, 38000 Grenoble, France
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a)
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: lionel.bureau@univ-grenoble-alpes.fr
Biomicrofluidics 14, 024115 (2020)
Article history
Received:
December 23 2019
Accepted:
April 06 2020
Citation
Mehdi Inglebert, Laura Locatelli, Daria Tsvirkun, Priti Sinha, Jeanette A. Maier, Chaouqi Misbah, Lionel Bureau; The effect of shear stress reduction on endothelial cells: A microfluidic study of the actin cytoskeleton. Biomicrofluidics 1 March 2020; 14 (2): 024115. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5143391
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