Inorganic tin–lead perovskites with low bandgap (1.2–1.4 eV) are desired absorber materials for solar cells owing to their ideal bandgap and compositional stability. However, such tin–lead perovskites are currently subject to inferior power conversion efficiency (PCE) and the origin remains unclear. Here, for the first time, we report the metal-cation-derived unsynchronized crystallization behavior of inorganic tin–lead perovskite, exemplifying by a representative composition CsPb0.7Sn0.3I3. A tin-perovskite-targeted crystallization modulation agent, 1-(4-fluorophenyl) piperazine (1-4FP), is introduced to synchronize the B-site alloying through its strong targeted bonding with SnI2, resulting in substantially enhanced film quality with better morphology and photoelectrical properties. Furthermore, first-principles molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the agent regulates the crystallization route toward the pure phase of CsPb0.7Sn0.3I3 by suppressing the preforming of tin perovskite. With our proposed approach, the best device attains PCE of 17.55%, which is record-high for inorganic tin–lead perovskite solar cells. In addition, treated devices show excellent stability with only 10% and negligible loss after being exposed to 1 sun intensity for 700 h and being stored in N2 after over 4000 h, respectively. Our findings open a new avenue of crystallization route design in inorganic tin–lead perovskites, so as to obtaining high-quality perovskite films and associated solar cells.
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December 2023
Research Article|
December 18 2023
Synchronized B-site alloying for high-efficiency inorganic tin–lead perovskite solar cells
Special Collection:
Energy Storage and Conversion
Ting Zhang
;
Ting Zhang
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
, Chengdu 610054, China
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Feng Wang
;
Feng Wang
a)
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
2
Beijing Engineering Research Center for Mixed Reality and Advanced Display Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Beijing 100081, China
3
Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University
, Beijing 100871, China
a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: wangfeng98@bit.edu.cn and shibinli@uestc.edu.cn
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Hao Chen;
Hao Chen
(Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft)
1
School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
, Chengdu 610054, China
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Feng Qian
;
Feng Qian
(Data curation, Resources, Visualization, Writing – original draft)
1
School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
, Chengdu 610054, China
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Jian Li
;
Jian Li
(Resources, Software, Visualization)
1
School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
, Chengdu 610054, China
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Hualin Zheng
;
Hualin Zheng
(Data curation, Software, Writing – review & editing)
1
School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
, Chengdu 610054, China
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Shihao Yuan;
Shihao Yuan
(Investigation, Methodology)
1
School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
, Chengdu 610054, China
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Xuefeng Peng
;
Xuefeng Peng
(Methodology, Writing – original draft)
1
School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
, Chengdu 610054, China
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Yafei Wang
;
Yafei Wang
(Investigation, Software)
4
School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Guangzhou University
, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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Jiang Huang;
Jiang Huang
(Validation, Writing – review & editing)
1
School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
, Chengdu 610054, China
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Hao Cui
;
Hao Cui
(Resources, Software)
5
Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
, Chengdu, Sichuan 610209, China
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Zhinong Yu
;
Zhinong Yu
(Resources, Software)
2
Beijing Engineering Research Center for Mixed Reality and Advanced Display Technology, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology
, Beijing 100081, China
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Zhi David Chen
;
Zhi David Chen
(Validation, Writing – review & editing)
6
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Center for Nanoscale Science & Engineering, University of Kentucky
, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
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Shibin Li
Shibin Li
a)
(Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing)
1
School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
, Chengdu 610054, China
a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: wangfeng98@bit.edu.cn and shibinli@uestc.edu.cn
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a)Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: wangfeng98@bit.edu.cn and shibinli@uestc.edu.cn
Appl. Phys. Rev. 10, 041417 (2023)
Article history
Received:
June 13 2023
Accepted:
November 27 2023
Citation
Ting Zhang, Feng Wang, Hao Chen, Feng Qian, Jian Li, Hualin Zheng, Shihao Yuan, Xuefeng Peng, Yafei Wang, Jiang Huang, Hao Cui, Zhinong Yu, Zhi David Chen, Shibin Li; Synchronized B-site alloying for high-efficiency inorganic tin–lead perovskite solar cells. Appl. Phys. Rev. 1 December 2023; 10 (4): 041417. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0162009
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