Ultrathin BaTiO3/Fe bi-layers were synthesized on MgO(001) and SrTiO3(001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition in a single vacuum cycle. The full electronic band structure at the Fe/BaTiO3 interface has been determined by hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements. Depending on the growth conditions, the valence and conduction band offsets are found 3.05–3.26 eV and 0.9–1.2 eV, respectively. Interface sensitive conversion electron Mößbauer spectroscopy demonstrates the absence of any magnetically dead layer thus proving that the determined band alignment is related to a sharp Fe/BaTiO3 interface structure down to the atomic scale.
REFERENCES
1.
C.-G.
Duan
, S. S.
Jaswal
, and E. Y.
Tsymbal
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
97
, 047201
(2006
).2.
C.-G.
Duan
, J. P.
Velev
, R. F.
Sabirianov
, W. N.
Mei
, S. S.
Jaswal
, and E. Y.
Tsymbal
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
92
, 122905
(2008
).3.
J.
Lee
, N.
Sai
, T.
Cai
, Q.
Niu
, and A.
Demkov
, Phys. Rev. B
81
, 144425
(2010
).4.
S.
Sahoo
, S.
Polisetty
, C.-G.
Duan
, S. S.
Jaswal
, E. Y.
Tsymbal
, and C.
Binek
, Phys. Rev. B
76
, 092108
(2007
).5.
S.
Brivio
, D.
Petti
, R.
Bertacco
, and J. C.
Cezar
, Appl. Phys. Lett.
98
, 092505
(2011
).6.
V.
Garcia
, M.
Bibes
, L.
Bocher
, S.
Valencia
, F.
Kronast
, A.
Crassous
, X.
Moya
, S.
Enouz-Vedrenne
, A.
Gloter
, D.
Imhoff
, C.
Deranlot
, N. D.
Mathur
, S.
Fusil
, K.
Bouzehouane
, and A.
Barthélémy
, Science
327
, 1106
(2010
).7.
S.
Valencia
, A.
Crassous
, L.
Bocher
, V.
Garcia
, X.
Moya
, R. O.
Cherifi
, C.
Deranlot
, K.
Bouzehouane
, S.
Fusil
, A.
Zobelli
, A.
Gloter
, N. D.
Mathur
, A.
Gaupp
, R.
Abrudan
, F.
Radu
, A.
Barthélémy
, and M.
Bibes
, Nature Mater.
10
, 753
(2011
).8.
A.
Zenkevich
, M.
Minnekaev
, Yu.
Lebedinskii
, K.
Bulakh
, A.
Chouprik
, A.
Baturin
, R.
Mantovan
, M.
Fanciulli
, and O.
Uvarov
, “Pulsed laser deposition of ultrathin BaTiO3/Fe bi-layers: structural characterization and piezoelectric response,” Thin Solid Films (to be published).9.
V. M.
Pessa
, Phys. Rev. B
15
, 1223
(1977
).10.
S.
Doniach
and M.
Sunjic
, J. Phys. C
3
, 285
(1970
).11.
S.
Tougaard
and B.
Jörgensen
, Surf. Int. Anal.
7
, 17
(1985
).12.
R.
Mantovan
and M.
Fanciulli
, Rev. Sci. Instrum.
78
, 063902
(2007
).13.
E.
Kuzman
, S.
Nagy
, and A.
Vértes
, Pure Appl. Chem.
75
(6
), 801
(2003
).14.
E. A.
Kraut
, R. W.
Grant
, J. R.
Waldrop
, and S. P.
Kowalczyk
, Phys. Rev. Lett.
44
, 1620
(1980
).15.
C. H.
Jia
, Y. H.
Chen
, X. L.
Zhou
, A. L.
Yang
, G. L.
Zheng
, X. L.
Liu
, S. Y.
Yang
, and Z. G.
Wang
, Appl. Phys. A
99
, 511
(2010
).16.
S. H.
Wemple
, Phys. Rev. B
2
, 2679
(1970
).17.
H.
Guo
, L.
Liu
, Zh.
Chen
, S.
Ding
, H.
Lu
, K.
Jin
, Y.
Zhou
, and B.
Cheng
, Europhys. Lett.
73
, 110
(2006
).18.
Y. K.
Vayunandana Reddy
, D.
Mergel
, S.
Reuter
, V.
Buck
, and M.
Sulkowski
, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.
39
, 1161
(2006
).19.
M.
Dawber
, K. M.
Rabe
, and J. F
Scott
, Rev. Mod. Phys.
77
, 1083
(2005
).20.
M.
Dawber
and J. F
Scott
, Integr. Ferroelectr.
38
, 161
(2001
).© 2011 American Institute of Physics.
2011
American Institute of Physics
You do not currently have access to this content.
