The electronic structure of has been studied by x-ray photoelectron, x-ray absorption, and x-ray emission spectroscopies, in comparison with density functional theory calculations. Our results confirm both the direct band gap of 2.48 eV and that the electrons hybridize with to form antibonding “lone pair” states at the top of the valence band. The results highlight the suitability of combining and cations to produce photoactive ternary oxides.
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